SOBIESKI 



307 



SONG-THRUSH 



S.: that of which soda is the base. Soft S.: 

 that of which potash is the base. S. berry= 

 Sapindus. S. stone = Steatite. S. wort= 

 Saponaria. S. worts=Sa.pind&cess. 



Sobieski, Shield of=Scutum Sobieski: a smaU 

 constellation. 



Soda, (so'da). [The German word.]=Na 2 O= 

 Sodic oxide: a solid compound of sodium and 

 oxygen which absorbs water and becomes 

 caustic soda, which is used in soap making. 

 S. alum: a mineral, chiefly hydrated silicate 

 of aluminum. S. water: water impregnated 

 with carbonic acid. 



Sodic, (s5'dik). [Sodium, q.v.] S. nitre= 

 Cubic nitre. S. <mde=Soda.i 



Sodium, (so'di-um). [The Latin form of soda.] 

 =Natrium=Na: one of the alkali metals: a 

 soft bluish-white metal, lighter than water, 

 with a great affinity for oxygen, obtained 

 chiefly from common salt. S. alcohol=Ethy- 

 late of sodium. 



Soffit, (soffit). [Soffita, the Italian word.] 

 The under part of a vault, arch, or cornice. 



Soft. S. grass=TLo\c\is mollis. S. icater= 

 rain water:=Pure water, containing little, if 

 any, mineral substance in solution. 



Sol. 1. Sun, q. v. 2. A note in vocal 

 music. 



Solan-goose, (soaan). [Sula, the Icelandic 

 name.]=Sula alba=Gannet: a bird belong- 

 ing to Pelecanidae. 



Solanaceae, (so-la-na'se-5). [Solanum, 9.1?.] 

 = Nightshades: potatoes, tomato, &c.; herbs 

 and shrubs, often poisonous, with regular 

 flowers, belonging to Solanales. 



Solanales, ( so-la-nu'lez ). [Solanum, q.v.] 

 Plants with dichlamydeous monopetalous 

 flowers, forming a division, of Perigynous 

 Exogens. 



Solano, (so-la'no). [The Spanish name.] A 

 S.E. wind, of a hot and dusty character, 

 known in Spain, and coming from Africa. 



Solanum, (so-la'num). [The Latin name.]= 

 Nightshade: an herb or shrub, the type of 

 Solanacese. S. lycopersicum = Tomato. S. 

 tuberosum=~Pota.to. 



Solar, (so'lar). [L. sol, Sun.] Related to the 

 Sun. S. cycle=28 years, after which the 

 days of the week correspond to the same days 

 of the month. S. day: the time of one re- 

 volution of the Earth round the Sun. S. 

 eclipse: when the Moon comes between the 

 Earth and the Sun. S. microscope : used in 

 a dark room, and illuminated by sunlight, 

 so that the image of the observed object can 

 be thrown on a screen. S. plexus: one of the 

 ganglions of the sympathetic nerve-system, 

 placed behind the stomach. S. prominences: 

 red flame-like masses, seen in the atmosphere 

 of the Sun at a total solar eclipse. S. spectrum: 

 a band of colour, passing from red, thi-ough 

 orange, yellow, green, blue, and indigo, to 

 violet, which is seen when a single ray of 

 sunlight is passed through a prism. S. system: 

 the Sun planets and their satellites; includes 

 the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, 

 Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, with the 

 moons, &c., belonging to these, and the 

 Asteroids. 



Solders, (sol'derz). [L. solidus, solid.] Alloys 

 used to unite metals. 



Soldiers= White ants, q.v. 



Soldiers and sailors=Telephoride, q.v. 



Sole, (sol). [Solea, the Latin name^Solea : 

 a flat fish, belonging 

 to Pleuronectes. 



Solenhofen stone. [S. 

 in Bavaria.] Used for 

 lithograph v: a sub-i 

 division of Middle 

 Oolite, remarkable Sole. 



for its numerous fossils. 



Solenodon, (so-le'no-don). [Gk. solen, tube; 

 odous, tooth.] An insectivorous animal; 

 somewhat resembling the shrew. 



Solenoid. [Gk. solen, tube.]=Sphondyloid: a 

 piece of copper wire arranged in a spiral 

 round part of itself, with a galvanic current 

 passing through it; it then acts in ruauy 

 respects as a magnet. 



Soles, (solz). v. Sole. 



Sol-fa, (sol'fa). [Sol and Fa.] v. Solmisation. 



Solid. S. angle: one formed by the meeting 

 of three or more plane angles at one point., 

 S. geometry : the geometry of solids. 



Solidago, (sol-i-da'go). A plant belonging to 

 Asteraceae. S. virgarirea=G olden rod. 



Solidungula, (sol-id-ung'u-la). [L. solidus, 

 solid; ungula, hoof. ]= Horse, zebra, ass, &c.: 

 a sub-division of Mammalia. 



Solifrigse, One of Hceveu's sub-divisions of 

 Arachnids. 



Solitary ant = Mutillidae : whose larvae are 

 parasitic on humble-bees. 



Solmisation, (sol-mi-za'shun). [Sol and Mi.] 

 =Sol-faing: the application of the sounds 

 Do Re Mi Fa Sol La Si to the seven notes of 

 the musical scale. 



Solstice, (sol'stis). [L. sol, Sun; sto, I stand.] 

 The two periods in the year when the Sun 

 attains its greatest declination ai-e so called. 

 Summer S. : about June 22, in N. hemisphere. 

 Winter S.: about December 22, in N. hemi- 

 sphere. 



Solution, (so-lu'shun). [L. solvo, I loosen.] A 

 liquid containing a solid in small particles, 

 generally diffused. S. of triangles : the de- 

 termination of the numerical values of the 

 sides and the angles. 



Solvents, (sol'vents). [L. solvo, I loosen.] 

 Water, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, aqua 

 regia, &c. : used for purposes of solution. 

 Somatada. A sub-division of Infusoria, by 

 Siebold. 



Somateria, (so-ma-te'ri-a). A bird belonging 

 to Anatidse. S. woZmMnrt:=Eider-duck. 

 Somatic,(so-mat'ik).[Gk.so7na,body.]=Bodily. 

 Somite, (sS'mit). [Gk. soma, body.] A seg- 

 ment of an articulate animal. 

 Sommering. Yellow spot of S.: in eye. Fora- 

 men of S. : in eye. 



Somnii, (som'ni-i). Palus S.: a plain on the 

 Moon's surface, of a ruddy tint. 

 Sonchus, (song'kus). An herb, with milky 

 juice, belonging to Asteraceae. S. oleraceus 

 = Sow- thistle. 



Song-thrush=Turdus musicus: builds a basin- 

 formed nest of clay and wood. 



