SPECTACLE 



SPHEHOSTILBNITE 



as compared with the weight of distilled 

 water; or of a gas as compared with the 

 weight of hydrogen. S. gravity flask : used 

 to determine the specific gravity of a powder 

 or of a liquid. S. heat : the quantity of heat 

 required to raise a substance through any 

 given range of temperature, as compared 

 with the quantity required to do the same 

 for water, v. Dulong and Petit's Law. 



Spectacle. S. s?iae=Naia=:Coluber naja. 



Spectra, (spek'tra). [Spectrum, q.v.] Plural 

 of spectrum, q.v. 



Spectral, (spek'tral). S. analysis: based on 

 the lines in a spectrum, q.v. 



Spectrometer, (spek-trom'e-ter). [Spectrum, 

 q.v.; Gk. metron, measure.] For mapping 

 out a spectrum; attached to a spectroscope. 



Spectroscope, ( spek'tro-skop ). [Spectrum, 

 q.v. ; Gk. skopeo, I view.] An instrument 

 for examination of spectra, and the measure- 

 ment of the lines present; of great value in 

 chemical analysis. 



Spectrum, (spek'trum). [The Latin word.] A 

 beam of light passing through the colours 

 red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and 

 violet, caused by the prismatic refraction of 

 white light, and its dispersion on a screen. 

 The primary colours of the spectrum are said 

 to be red, yellow, and blue; the other colours 

 being mixtures of two or more of these. 

 Each spectrum, of solar, stellar, or artificial 

 light, is crossed by innumerable black lines; 

 and as each chemical elementary substance 

 has always the same lines in the same rela- 

 tive positions, the spectrum of an incan- 

 descent substance will show, by the lines, 

 what is its chemical composition. 



Specularia, (spek-u-la'ri-a). A plant belong- 

 ing to Campanulacese ; also considered as a 

 sub-genus of Campanula. 



Specular iron, (spek'u-lar). [Speculum, q.v.] 

 A variety of haematite. 



Speculum, (spek'u-lum). [The Latin word.] 

 A mirror, especially of metal ; used in tele- 

 scopes and other optical instruments. S. 

 metal: an alloy of tin and copper. 



Speed pullies. Pullies used to transfer motion 

 from one part of a machine to another, with 

 increase or diminution of velocity. 

 Speedwell= Veronica, q.v. 

 Speeton clay, (spe'ton). [S. in Yorkshire.] 

 Beds, with numerous fossils, belonging to 

 Neocomian series. 

 Speiss, (spis). [Ger. speise, mixed metals.] 



=Impure arsenic sulphide of nickel. 

 Spelt, (spelt). [The German name.]=Triti- 

 cum spelter : a corn-plant ; also called Ger- 

 man wheat. 

 Spelter, (spel'tgr). [Spelter, the German word.] 



=Unreflned zinc. 



Spergula, (sper'gu-la). [L. spargo, I scatter.] 

 Spurrey : an herb belonging to Illece- 

 bracese ; named from the dispersion of the 

 seeds. 



Spergularia. (sper-gu-la'ri-a). [Spergulo, q.v.] 

 =Sand-wort spurrey: an herb belonging to 

 Carophyllacete. 



Sperm-oU=: Liquid fat of spermaceti whale. 

 Spermaceti, (sper'ma-se-ti). [Gk. sperma, seed; 



cetus, whale.]=C 32 H 64 02=Cetin: solid cry- 

 stalline fat, from brain of spermaceti whale. 

 S. iohale=Physeter macrocephalus. 

 Spermatia, (sper-ma'shi-a). [Gk. sperma, seed.] 

 Small rod-like spores, in fungi; probably 

 barren basidia, q.v. 



Spermatophores, (sper'ma-to-forz). [Gk. 

 sperma, seed; phoreo, I bear.] Worm-like 

 filaments, covering the eggs of Cephalopoda. 

 Spermatozoa, (sper-ma-to-z5'a). [Gk. sperma, 

 seed : 200/1, auimal.]=Sperm corpuscles in 

 animals: microscopic organisms found in the 

 sperm cells of animals. 



Spermatozoon, (sper-ma-to-zo'on). [Gk. sper- 

 ma, seed; zoon, animal.] Singular of Sper- 

 matozoa, q.v. 



Spermophila, (sper-mofi-la). [Gk. sperma, 

 seed; phileo, 1 love.] A bird belonging to 

 Fringillidse. 



Spermophilus, (sper-mofi-lus). [Gk. sperma, 

 seed; phileo, I love.]=Arctomys, q.v. 

 Spermophore, (spe/mo-for). [Gk. sperma, 

 seed; phoreo, 1 bear.] The portion of a fruit 

 to which the seeds are attached. 

 Sphagnacese, (sfag-na'se-e). [Sphagnum, q.v.] 



A primary division of mosses, called Bog- 

 moss. 

 Sphagnum, (sfag'num). [Sphaynos, the Greek 



name.] The only genus of Sphagnacese. 

 Spheniscus, (sfe-nis'kus). [Gk. sphen, wedge.] 



= Penguin : a bird, with very short wings, 



belonging to Natatores. 

 Sphenodon, (sfe'no-don). [Gk. spJien, wedge ; 



odous, tooth]. A reptile, known only by 



fossil remains. 

 Sphenoid, (sfe'noid). [Gk. sphen, wedge; eidos, 



form.} Wedge-like. 5. bone: a large bone, 



of irregular shape, in the skull. 

 Sphenophylia, (sfe-no-fiTla). [Gk. sphen, 



wedge ; phyllon, leaf.] Plants, allied to 



Lycopods, known by fossil remains, found in 



coal. 

 Sphenopteris, (sfe-nop'ter-is). [Gk. sphen, 



wedge; pteris, fern.] Fossil fronds of tree 



ferns, found in coal. 

 Sphere, (sfer.) \Sphcera, the Latin word.]= 



Globe: a solid body, of which all points of 



the surface is equidistant from the centre. 

 Spherical, (sfer'i-kal). [Sphere, q.v.] Belated 



to a sphere. . aberration,, v. Aberration. 

 Spherograph, (sfer'o-graf). [Sphere, q.v.; Gk. 



grapho, I write.] An instrument, used in 



navigation, for the construction and calcula- 

 tion of spherical triangles. 

 Spheroid, (sfe'roid). [Sphere, q.v.; Gk. eidos, 



form.] A solid body, the 



form of which is nearly 



spherical. 

 Spheroidal, ( sfer-oid'al ). 



[Sphere, q.v.; Gk. eidos, 



form.] S. condition, of 



water or any volatile liquid 



when thrown on a highly 



heated metal surface: in 



flattened globules, sur- Spheriod. 



rounded by their own vapour, so as not to be 



in contact with the metal. 

 Spherostilbnite,(sfe-ro-stilb'mt). [Sphere, q.v. ; 



Gk. stilbe, lustre.] A lustrous mineral, 



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