228 BIG GAME SHOOTING 



of India, but apparently neither in Burmah nor Ceylon. There 

 were several which used to prowl about the barracks at Now- 

 gong in Central India when the writer was quartered there, 

 two or three of which were shot by the soldiers, and the jackals 

 there paid them all the honours usually accorded to tigers, 

 following them and uttering their peculiar note of warning 

 which the natives call 'kole baloo.' The writer has often heard 

 this cry, and as long as it continues no jackal within earshot 

 will set up his ordinary howl. This hyaena is the common 

 species that is found throughout Persia, Asia Minor, and North 

 Africa. 



Sterndale gives its length as 3^ ft., head and body ; tail, 

 about IT? ft. The writer never measured one, but estimated 

 the height of an old male as about 22 ins. 



XII. ELEPHANT (Elephas indicus) 



Native names : ' Hati ' generally ; ' Anay,' Canarese (Sanderson) ; 

 ' AlliaJ Singhalese (Sterndale}. 



The elephant is found along the foot of the Himalayas, from 

 Deyhra Boon through Assam and Burmah to Siam ; also in 

 some parts of Central and Southern India and Ceylon. 



The difference between the Indian and African elephant is 

 well marked ; the small ears, smooth trunk, and more intelligent 

 head of the former being very conspicuous. The marks on the 

 grinders are also different, being in the Indian elephant irregu- 

 lar loops, while in the African they form a string of decided 

 lozenges joined by the corners. The African elephant has only 

 three toes on the hind foot, while the Indian has four. The 

 point of difference, however, which chiefly concerns the sports- 

 man is that in the Indian elephant there is a cavity in the skull 

 behind the bump on the top of the trunk which enables a 

 bullet properly placed to reach the brain, while with the African 

 variety this cavity is protected by the roots of the tusks, making 

 the front shot ineffective. 



