PARASITIC ROUNDWORMS 



24 (23) Only two small conical papillae near moulh. 



Filaria physdura Bremser 181 1. 



Living worm pink with brown intestine and white uteri prominent Femak- 10 f 

 long, I to 1.5 mm. broad Head obtuse. Mouth with two small conical pa.X- ' MaTil 

 35 mm. long, 0.615 mm. broad; tail curved with short quinquecostatc alac which arc oil 

 mm. long. Spicule recurved. ^^ °--*S 



In abdomen of kingfisher; Pennsylvania. "Determination not positive" (Lcidy). 



25 (20) Anterior end provided with two lips. Each lip carries two blunt 



hooks Filaria cingula von Linslow u)02. 



Length 15 to 25 cm., diameter 0.53 mm. Anterior end bluntlv rounded; dorsal and vi-ntraJ 

 triangular hps with two blunt hooks in each. Cuticula embossed with low rounded trans^ 

 verse ridges on dorsal and ventral surfaces. Pharynx narrow, 0.375 mm. Iomk with bulbous 

 enlargement at end. Esophagus triangular, 15 by 0.13 mm. Lateral fields broad Two 

 ovaries. Vulva? Embryos 0.33 by 0.014 mm. Viviparous. 



In skin of Cryptobranchus allegheniensis; Ohio river. Identification with von Linstow'j 

 meager description uncertain. 



Fig. 818. Filaria cingula. Optical section of the two anterior millimeters; /, lips; p. pharyngeal bulb; 

 0, ovary; e, esophagus; u, uterus; h, hooks; r, ridges. Magnified about 50. (After Kreckcr.J 



26 (17) Esophagus with two separate regions, more or less difTercntiatc<I. 



Superfamily Spiruroidea RaiUiet and Henry 10 15 . . 27 



The mouth has two lips, or is without any. Esophagus with partition dividinR it int<j two 

 regions which may be differentiated as anterior muscular and posterior granular region, and 

 may be much alike in appearance. 



Male with lateral alae near posterior end of body. Alae in general long, not much if any 

 wider than body, without ribs or radiate, branching supports. 



Most of these forms were previously included with the Filarioidea from which they an- most 

 easily distinguished by the double esophagus. 



27 (42) Anterior end simple, without prominent lateral valve-like lips. . 28 



28 (41) Tail in female simple, not modified in the form of a sucker-like 



structure 



29(40) Male with preanal papillae and without vent nil ridges. 30 



30 (37) Preanal papillae in male single not stalked and paired, also tew in 



number Family Spiruridae Oerley 1SS5 . . 31 



There are several subfamilies which contain numerous parasites of terrestrial hosts. 



31 (34) Anterior end plain, unornamented by external ridges or frills. 



Subfamily Spirurinae Raillict IQ15 ■ • ^^ 

 The mouth has two small lips, or none. The pharynx is simple or wanting. The \ulva is 

 at the center of the body, or anterior. 



