INDEX 



IIII 



Vegetation, Larger (Higher), Fresh-Water, 



178-209; cycle of matter, 207, evolution, 



198, references, 209, zones, 196; see Plants, 



aquatic 

 Veliidae, 933 

 Venation, wing, 916; of stonctlics, 916; see 



Insecta 

 Vertebrata, 1021-1066; adaptations, 1022, 



references, 1066; see Amphibia (Batrachia); 



Birds; Fishes; Mammals; Reptiles 

 Viviparidae, 987 

 Viviparus, 9S7; interlcxtus, 987 

 Volvocaceae, 143 

 Volvox, 146, 269; aureus, 2G9, globalor, 269, 



perglobator, 269, spennatosphara, 269 

 Vortex, 340 



Vortex (?) cavicolens, 361, 363 

 Vorticella, 293; campanula, 293 



Wardius, 386; zibet hicus, 386 



Water; acid or alkaline characteristics of, 40, 

 ammonia in, 39, bacteria found in natural, 

 96, number in, 96, 1070, biological con- 

 ditions in, 46, carbon dioxide in, 39, 

 chemical factors, 36, circulation, 27, irf 

 lakes, 27, conveyor of disease, 1068, current 

 strength in streams, 23, daily depth migra- 

 tions, 32, 43, density, 22, distribution of 

 gases, 37, of life, 35, expansion in freezing, 



21, gases dissolved in, 36, general solvent, 



22, identification of source of, 1080, index 

 of suitability, 46, influence of currents in, 

 28, odors in, 107 1, 1072, oxygen content, 

 37, penetration of light, 29, 30, physical 

 conditions of, 22, physical environment of 

 organisms in, 9, pressure in, 34, quantity 

 of life in, 46, of plankton in, 47, 48, reser- 

 voirs, purification of, 1074, 1076, 1077, 

 rhythms of organisms, 43, seasonal changes, 

 33, solubility of gases in, 37, tastes in, 107 1, 

 temperature, 32, in streams, 32, terriginous 

 bottom, 45, thermal properties, 21, tur- 

 bidity, 29, 36 



Water Biology, Fresh-; sec Biology, Fresh- 

 Water 

 "Water-bloom," 100 

 Water bodies, physical features of, 8 

 Water bottle, 80 



Water glass, 87 



Water Life, Fresh-; see Biology, Fresh-Water 

 Water organisms, physical environment of, 9 

 Water plants and vegetation; srr IMants, 



acjuatic; \'egetation, a(|uatic 

 Water supplier, tastes antl <Klors in, 1071 

 Water systems, organisms in piix-s of, loHi 

 Waters, flowing, 2 

 Waves and their action, 28 

 Wheel animalcules; see Rotatoria 

 Whirligig beetles, 906; see Coleoplcra; Insecta 

 Wilsonema, 495 

 Wing venation. 916 

 Winter buds (hibernacula), 192 

 Wlassicsia, 711; kinistinemis, 711 

 Wollea, no; saccala, no 

 Worms, earth; see Chactopoda; Oligochacta 

 Worms, free-living; see Nemaloda; Nemer- 



tina (Nemerteans); Turbcllaria 

 Worms, parasitic; see Acanthcnephala; Ce»- 



toda; Gordiacea; Nematoda, Parasitic; 



Parasitic Worms; Trematoda 

 Wyeomyia (larva), 944 



Xanthidium, 141; J'asciculaium, 141 

 Xiphidiocercariae, 416 

 Xystonotus, 865: as per, 865 



Zannichellia, 189; repens, 185, palustris, 190 



Zeugorchis, 407; aequatus, 407 



Zoethamnium, 294; adatnsi, 294 



Zone, shore, 3 



Zones of vegetation, 196; characctum, 196, 

 nupharetum, 196, phragmitelum. 196, 

 potamogetonetum, 196, scirjx'tum. 196 



Zoochlorella, 153 



Zooccium, 948 



Zoophytes, 301 



Zoosporangium, 119 



Zoospores, 1 18 



Zostcra nana, 1S5 



Zygnema, 142 



Zygncmaceae, 141 



Zygnemeae, 142 



Zygocotyle, 388; ceratosa, 388 



Zygocotylinae. 38S 



Zygoptera (imago), 922, (nymph), 928 



Zygospore, 119 





