SECTION F .ESTHETICS 



(Hall 4, September 23, 3 p. TO.) 



CHAIRMAN: PROFESSOR JAMES H. TUFTS, University of Chicago. 

 SPEAKERS: DR. HENRY RUTGERS MARSHALL, New York City. 



PROFESSOR MAX DESSOIR, University of Berlin. 

 SECRETARY: PROFESSOR MAX MEYER, University of Missouri. 



THE RELATION OF AESTHETICS TO PSYCHOLOGY AND 



PHILOSOPHY 



BY HENRY RUTGERS MARSHALL 



[Henry Rutgers Marshall, Practicing Architect, President of the New York 

 Chapter, American Institute of Architects, Member of Art Commission, 

 City of New York. b. July 22, 1852, New York City. B.A. Columbia Uni- 

 versity, 1873; M.A. ibid. 1875; L.H.D. Rutgers College, 1903. Member 

 American Psychological Association, Society of American Naturalists, Fel- 

 low American Institute of Architects, Honorary Member National Society of 

 Mural Painters, Member American Philosophical Association. Author of 

 Pain, Pleasure, and ^Esthetics; ^Esthetic Principles; Instinct and Reason.] 



IF conventional divisions of time are to serve as means by which we 

 may mark the movement of thought as it develops, we may well 

 say that the nineteenth century saw a real awakening in relation 

 to aesthetics among those who concern themselves with accurate 

 thinking, a coming to consciousness, as it were, of the importance 

 to the philosophy of life of the existence of beauty in the world, and 

 of the sense of beauty in man. 



And with this awakening came a marked breadth of inquiry; an 

 attempt to throw the light given by psychological analysis upon the 

 broad field of aesthetics, and an effort to grasp the relations within 

 the realm in which beauty holds sway to philosophy as a whole. 



That the questions thus presented to us have been answered, I 

 imagine few, if any, would claim; rather may we say that the nine- 

 teenth century set the problems which it concerns the sesthetician 

 of the twentieth century to solve; and this without underestimating 

 the value of the work of the masters in esthetics who lived and 

 wrote in the century so lately closed, some of whom are fortunately 

 with us still. 



Of these present problems M. Dessoir will treat in his address to 

 follow mine; in the regretted absence of Professor Lipps the privilege 

 has been granted to me to consider with you briefly the relations 

 of aesthetics to psychology, and to philosophy, which must in the 



