FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTIONS AND METHODS 571 



paint everywhere, even where it was least expected. One finds 

 them especially on the backgrounds of reliefs. On metopes of temples 

 it is best recognized by the fact that strong colors, especially blue, 

 were there used, although red was not uncommon. 1 Even on a 

 statue clearly of Roman times, found at Corinth in the recent ex- 

 cavations, the folds of the outer garment carried large patches of 

 vermilion color. 



How little Winckelmann knew of the marked difference between 

 local schools! What would he have said if he had seen the ^Egina 

 statues with their lean stiff style and the full forms of the gable groups 

 of both the Old and the Oldest Athena temple on the Athenian 

 Acropolis? It is wonderful that two schools some ten or twelve 

 miles apart should have been producing a-t the same time sculpture 

 of such distinctively opposite character. 



(2) The study and grouping of copies. How little did Urlichs 

 know of Skopas when over forty years ago he wrote his book Skopas, 

 scin Leben und seine Werkc! One smiles now at the list of works 

 there ascribed to Skopas. But twenty-five years ago two male heads 

 were found on the site of ancient Tegea which evidently belonged 

 to a gable. They were left unwrought on one side, and the top of 

 each was cut off a little to fit the slope of an ascending cornice. 

 Since the head of a boar was found near by, the conclusion was at 

 once drawn that the pieces, one or all, came from the east gable of 

 the temple of Athena Alca which Pausanias described as containing 

 1 he Hunting of the Caledonian Boar. Skopas was the architect of the 

 temple, and since he was a sculptor it was natural to suppose that 

 these sculptures were as much influenced by him as the sculptures 

 of the Parthenon were influenced by Phidias. Luckily they had 

 a very marked character. The heads were distinctively different 

 from the Praxitelean type. Their greatest dimension was from front 

 lo rear, while the Praxitelean head is extended upward in a dome. 

 The under ja\v and cheek were strongly marked, giving an impression 

 of intense energy. The peculiar feature, however, was the eyes, which 

 being deepset in their sockets, with the inner corner depressed, had 

 a pad of flesh drawn down over their outer corner so that the upper 

 lid entirely disappears in a profile view. The gaze directed upward 

 and onward expressed an intensity of emotion contrasted with the 

 dreamy look of the Hermes of Praxiteles. For the first time we 

 seemed to catch the characteristics of Skopas. 



In spite, however, of the admirable discussion of these sculptures 

 by Treu.' J the connection with Skopas was not regarded as absolutely 

 lixed. But eight years later. Botho ( Iraf ? ' was struck by the similaritv 



1 On the Zeus Temple at Olympia tin 1 metope, it is said, were alternately red 

 and blue. 



: Ath. Mi>(.. 188!, p. 303 ff. 3 R.n. Mitt., 1SS9, p. 189 ff. 



