INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS 



OF 



ARTS AND SCIENCE 



EDITED BY 



HOWARD J. ROGERS, A.M., LL.D. 



DIRECTOR OP CONGRESSES 



VOLUME VIII 

 ASTRONOMY AND EARTH SCIENCES 



COMPRISING 



Lectures on Astronomy, Astrophysics, Sciences of the 



Earth, Geophysics, Geology, Paleontology, 



Petrology and Mineralogy, Geography, 



Oceanography, Physiography 



and Cosmical Physics 



UNIVERSITY ALLIANCE 



LONDON NEW YORK 



