THE RELATIONS OF ANATOMY 377 



model of an idealized draped figure in a position of rest. It is not 

 possible to reach the greatest perfection without careful anatomic 

 studies, either on the dead or on the living. I am well aware that 

 there have been good painters who have bothered little about 

 anatomy; it is not anatomy alone which enables the artist to per- 

 form great works; but perhaps every one of those masters who has 

 not been well trained in anatomy would have done better with a 

 good anatomic knowledge. That which belongs to the artist, as 

 such, can only be strengthened and refined by a careful study of 

 anatomy. The before-mentioned great artists of the fifteenth cen- 

 tury realized this perfectly, as is shown by the numerous anatomic 

 studies which they have left. Fra Bartolommeo worked in the same 

 way. 



Thus we see that human anatomy receives much from her sister 

 sciences and from the arts, and gives much to them, and what she 

 gives is greater and more valuable than what she receives. This is 

 because she is the basic science of all biology, because she has made 

 the most highly organized being the subject of her studies. Besides, 

 she has the advantage that she may be assisted by observation of 

 one's self, as can no other branch of biology. We shall only compre- 

 hend the mechanism of the living body when our anatomy of the 

 human central nervous system is further developed. Here we are 

 still, as I have already mentioned, only at the beginning of our 

 knowledge. Let us hope that interest in our investigations and 

 methods will receive greater diffusion by the example of the found- 

 ing of the academies of the world. Let us hope that the horror of 

 the material of anatomists will disappear more and more from all 

 classes of humanity, especially from the circle of the educated. 

 We must attempt to reach the point where all assist with the good 

 work. Sapienti sat. 



