108 EVOLUTION, SOCIAL AND ORGANIC 



sewing/' or "Your father is blind of one eye." 

 The savage identified his interests with 

 those of his tribe; he was no individualist, 

 and under no circumstances would he have 

 consented to child labor. 



When we reach the barbarians, who are con- 

 sidered in the fourth chapter, we enter the his- 

 torical period. At first sight, mutual aid seems 

 to be non-existent at this period. Here there 

 seems to be nothing but battle and bloodshed. 

 But the reason is not far to seek ; it is because, 

 until recently historians regaled us exclusiv- 

 ely with what has been aptly called, "drum 

 and trumpet history." "They hand down to 

 posterity the most minute descriptions of ev- 

 ery war, every battle and skirmish, every 

 contest and act of violence, every kind of in- 

 dividual suffering; but they hardly give any 

 trace of the countless acts of mutual support 

 and devotion which every one of us knows 

 from his own experience * * * The annalists 

 of old never failed to chronicle the petty wars 

 and calamities which harrassed their contem- 

 poraries but they paid no attention whatever 

 to the life of the masses, although the masses 

 chiefly used to toil peacefully while the few 

 indulged in fighting." 



But Sir Henry Maine in his work on the 

 "Origin of International Law," has fully 



