B4 INF L A M iM A T I O ."V . 



K.vtt-inal iiifl;\inniaiion most frequently proceed.^ from wounds, or 

 oruises, or other accidents to wliicli cattle are liable. These produce 

 different decrees of disease, accordinfr to the severity of the injury; 

 and when the inllaniination runs hif^h, or continues long;, it aiTects 

 the whole system, and brings on fever; or, in other words, a certain 

 decree of infl.unniatory action pervades the entire frame. 



I'A'ternal inflammation sometimes results from causes which affect 

 the whole system, but the chief mischief of which is determined to 

 particular parts, from previous weakness in them, or disposition io 

 take on inflammation. This is the case with inflammation of the 

 udder of cows, or the joints of young cattle. The whole frame had 

 been exposed to cold ; but the udder of the cowthathad lately calved 

 was very much disposed to inflammation, and the joints of young 

 cattle had not acquired their full strength. In inflammatory fever, 

 also, the inflammation will settle in particular parts, from causes 

 which it is impossible to explain, as in the tongue in blain, and in 

 the limbs in quarter evil. 



The swelling of the inflamed part is principally to be ascribed tc 

 the increased quantity of blood passing through it. Every little vessel 

 is distended by the additional fluid it is compelled to carry ; and there 

 is likewise a greater deposition of fluid and solid matter in the cellu- 

 lar texture of the inflamed part : for every secretory vessel is doing 

 increased duty in proportion to the blood with which it is supplied. 



In the minute ramifications of the vessels, the blood is changed 

 from arterial to venous ; and it is while this change is effecting that 

 animal heat is extricated or produced. In inflammation, a great deal 

 more than the natural quantity of blood is passing through these 

 vessels : a great deal more is changed from arterial to venous ; and a 

 great deal more heat must necessarily be evolved. 



The tenderness is caused by the unnatural distension of the vessels, 

 and by their pressure on the neighbouring parts, and also the pressure 

 of the natural deposit produced by inflammation. The nerves of sen- 

 sibility likewise unite very freely with the nerves of another order 

 that supply the capillaries; and when the nerves of the capillarirs 

 are irritated, those of sensibility will become irritable too, and the 

 part will become so tender as not to be touched without extreme pain. 



Internal Injlammailon. 



Internal inflammation is characterised by other and often more in- 

 distinct symptoms. We can here seldom ascertain the heat or ten- 

 derness or swelling of the part, and can usually only judge of the 

 complaint by the effect which it produces on the system. Every in- 

 ternal inflammation does, however, soon atfect the system. There is 

 no inflammation of any important internal part that is not qui'^kly 

 accompanied by fever; and that fever and the degree of it are easily 

 ascertained, by the heat of the breath and the mouth and the base of 

 Uie horn, by the redness of the eye, and the frequency and hardnesa 



