22 



add to it 4 quarts strong nmmonia. stirring well, nnd then add water to briug 

 the wliole iniantlty up to G quarts. Tliis may be kept in an ordinary stoue jar, 

 but should be closely corked. 



Each quart will contain two ounces carbonate of copper, which wheu 

 added to 20 gallons water will furnish a solution ready for spra.viug, of the 

 same strength and character as that obtained by the use of the dried carbon- 

 ate of copper. 



Caution. — Most of the eopiier compounds corrode tin and iron. Conse- 

 quently, in preparing them for u.se, earthen, wooden or brass vessels should 

 be employed; and in applying them, the iiarts of iMunp which come in contact 

 with the liquid should be made of brass. 



Though this is, in many respects, as good a spray as Bordeaux, it is more 

 costly, and the ingredients less commonly attainable. It used to be recom- 

 mended for the final spraying of almost all fruits, since it leaves uo stain as 

 does the Bordeaux; but since all of our first-class apples out west are now 

 wiped before being packed, its usefulness has decreased. For grapes, or any 

 other fruits attacked by fungi, and which cannot easily be wiped or cleaned in 

 any way. this is superior to Bordeaux as a final spray. This is peculiarly the 

 case with powder.y mildew. 



Foniialiii. 



This is a 40 per cent, solution of formaldehyde gas in water, though, owing 

 to the escape of the gas and to adulteration, the commercial article hardly 

 ever contains 40 per cent. I have never yet happened to find any of so poor 

 quality, however, as not to do the work expected of it. Such complaints are 

 by no means infrequent, but I .iudge from my own success in the use of forma- 

 lin that the cause of failure is to be laid more often to the door of the one 

 using it. He either uses it too weak, or allows his grain or potatoes to become 

 reinfested by the disease through careless sacking or handling after treatment. 

 The grain or potatoes should be treated in the sacks in which they are to be 

 left, or in the case of grain, where sprinkling is adopted, the sacks should be 

 soaked before the treated grain is put back into them. 

 Formalin for Potato Scab: — 



Formalin i;, pint. 



"^'ater 15 gallons. 



Formalin for Smut of Grain: — 



Formalin 1 pi„t. 



""'ater 50 gallons. 



Corrosive Sllhliinatc: — 



Corrosive sublimate .3 ounces. 



^^'ater 15 gallons. 



Or, 



Corrosive sublimate 10 ounces. 



"^'iter CO gallons. 



Dissolve the sublimate in warm water, and when dissolved pour into a 

 vessel containing water and stir vigourously with a lath. 



