35 



Arsenic, a deadly poison, is used in some of the dipping solutions and kills 

 quickly when taken into the alimentary canal or ijeuetrating the tissues of the 

 niscct. It is. however, too dangerous a poison to be used except with the 

 greatest care, and the possibility of the animal treated licking itself, or eating 

 food upon which the solution has dripped to such an extent as to get a 

 poisonous dose, is too great to give it strong indorsement. It has its greatest 

 value in this connection in treatment of sheep scab, which often resists more 

 simple remedies. 



Carbolic Acid, one of the most effective of agents against parasites, and 

 especiall.v in certain combinations, is to be highly recommended. In many 

 cases the crude article can be used to as great advantage as the refined, and at 

 great saving in cost. T'sed externally, without other combination than with 

 water, it should have a dilution of about 100 times its bulk of water. If used 

 too concentrated or upon ver.y susceptible animals, sucli as dogs, it may be 

 absorbed and cause poisoning. Dr. Francis recommends it ver.v highly in com- 

 bination for cattle ticks, and the " Poultry World " gives it the highest praise 

 as a combination with slaked lime, to be used in buildings for chicken lice. 



Calomel is used in some cases, but is for the most part superseded by more 

 satisfactory remedies. 



Bcii.:inc may be used in the form of a spra.v or wash against bed-bugs and 

 floas. and in chicken-houses against ticks, though for this purpose it has no 

 advantage over kerosene ennilsion. 



Gasoline may be used in the same wa.v and for the same purpose as 

 bcMiziiie. Both must, of course, lie used with due regard to their intlammable 

 properties. 



Cotton-seed oil is strongly recommended by Dr. Francis for treatment of 

 tides in the Southern States, especially in counecti(m with dipping solutions. 

 Its action is similar to that of other oils, and while it kills some of the ticks, 

 there are others on the same animal which apparentl.v are not in.iured b.v it. 

 In the States, where cotton is jirodnced and the oil can be secured at low cost, 

 it has special advantages, either alone or combiuecl with other remedies, a.s 

 an application for various external parasites. 



Kerosene has a wide rangi' of usefulness in the treatment of parasites, 

 notwith.standing the fact that it does not seem to liave fulfilled the require- 

 ments for a good dipi)ing solution. It may be used free for the spraying of the 

 interior of chicken-houses, for tlie destruction of bed-bugs, and for filming the 

 surface of small ponds, water tanks, etc., in order to destroy mosquitoes or 

 their larva', and abate the mosquito nuisance. In emulsion it is ver.y effective 

 against lice on cattle, killing both adults and eggs, for use as a spra.v to kill 

 horu-flies. and as a wash to kill eggs of bot-flies or lice. 



Emulsions ma.v be made with either soap or milk, and according to the 

 following well-known formulie : — 



Milk emulsion. — To one part milk add two parts of kerosene and churn by 

 a force-pump or other agitator. The creamy ennilsion which results is to be 

 diluted with water, using eight or ten times the bulk of water. 



Soap enrulsion. — Dissolve one-half jiound hard soap in one gallon of hot 

 w.iter. and while still at near boiling point ad<I two gallons kerosene, and 

 ennilsify by use of force-punii> or agitator of some kind. Dilute with water, 

 one part emulsion to eight or ten parts water, and use as spray, wash or dip. 



