8 



time ami materials than \\«n\a pay fur the best special implements, in addition 

 to which, when the work is done, it is neither satisfactor.v nor effective. 

 There are a great many kinds of implements for distributing both dry and 

 liquid insecticides, many of ^yhicb are advertised in the agricultural and horti- 

 cultural papers, 



Pioiips.— Before deciding on what kind to use, it is advisable for one 

 who has not used these implements to consult his neighbours who have done 

 .so, then write for catalogues to the best known makers; anil when buying 

 make it a general principle always to procure the most suitable and the best 

 of its kind. The difference in the initial cost between a poor, cheap implement 

 and a thoroughly good one is small, compared with the subsequent loss and 

 inconvenience from using a cheap pump or a poor nozzle. Spraying pumjis 

 are made in four sizes; (1) band pumps, suitable fur small gardens, whicli 

 can be prociircd at jirices ranging from $2 to $5; (i:) larger pumps mounted 

 on wheels or suitable fnr loading on a stone-boat, and consisting of an 

 ordinary 4U-gallou barrel, with a strong force pump to be worked by hand, 

 which will cost about .$20, and will be all that is required in an orchard of 

 from fifty to a hundred trees, or in a large garden: (3) knapsack sprayers, 

 which are useful machines, consisting of a tank of about four gallons' capacity, 

 to be carried on the back, and useful when treating outbreaks of cut-worms, 

 turnip aphis, etc., in field practice; (4) power machines; these are of 

 various kinds, and are for use in large plantations, or for spraying street trees 

 where great power is required to elevate the spray. These are worked l)y 

 steam, by being geared to the wheels of the vehicle on whic-h Ihe tank is 

 drawn, or by the escape of carbolic acid gas. The cost of these will vary 

 \evy nuicli according to the make and size of the machines. 



."?/))•«;/(■»(/ nozzles. — Of equal importance with a proper force pump in 

 distributing liquid poisonous applications is a suitable nozzle, by means of 

 which the liquid can be distributed evenly. The late Professor Riley, who 

 did much in the development of spraying machines, said ; " The desiderata in 

 a spraying nozzle are ; the ready regulation of the volume to be thrown, the 

 greatest atomising power with the least tendency to clog, facility of cleansing 

 or separation of its component parts, cheapness, simplicity and adjustability 

 to any angle." 



Almost every maker of spraying nozzles has some special make which he 

 recommends; but many kinds now in the market have not the qualities 

 necessary for spraying crops for injurious insects in the best way. All that 

 can be said here is that some of these nozzles are far better than others, and 

 that great care is necessary in choosing one which will come up to Dr. Riley's 

 requirements, as mentioned above. The experience of others is a valuable 

 guide in this work; and, both at the Dominion E.vperimental Farms and at 

 the similar Provincial institutions, spraying work is carried on every year, 

 which can be witnessed by all who wisli to do so, and advice will be freely 

 given by the officers in charge. 



Tlie operation of " spraying " consists of applying liquids by means of a 

 force lannp and spraying nozzle with such force as to break up the liquid so 

 thoroughly that it falls upon the plants treated as an actual mist or spray. 

 Such terms as siirinklini/ or shoa-criny are inaccurate for the operation here 



