52 



aiul in siirh pliues tlieir eggs or "nits" may sometimes be seen in linndrcds. 

 On very dirty people the eggs may sometimes be seen thickly sprinkled liko 

 sand thronghont the hair. On examination, these eggs will usually be found 

 to Ix' empty, as they will stick to the hair long after the young are hatched. 



The body louse is seldom found on any Init very dirty people, although 

 an.vone is liable to be attacked liy it. It is a larger and thicker insect tlnin 

 tlie head-louse, an<l njiiiears to live liy jireference on the under-clothes. into 

 any fold of which it will creep, and from which position it will suck up the 

 blood of its victim. It is best, therefore, to boil any clothes which harliour it. 



The crab prefers the private regions, and cau.ses intolerable itching. A 

 person may be absolutely free from this pest, and yet within a fortnight l)e 

 nearly driven mad, by them, and on examination find them swarnnng on Inm. 

 They are, fortunately, very icadily killed by the use of mercurial or " Ijlue " 

 ointment. All lice are provided with strong claws for hanging on to hairs, 

 but in tlu' crab the claws are enormously developed. — AijiiciiltKral (ja:ctte, 

 Ta-siiiiiiiin. 



11'(/.s7/rx (((1(7 Diiif!. 



Applications of liciuid remc^lies are the main reliance in the treatment, 

 of external i)arasites. and the choice between methods depends largel.v upon 

 the amount of work to be done. The most .-[v.-iilable substances are tlie 

 solutions of tobacco, diluted carbolic acid, kerosene emulsion, infnsiim of 

 stavesacre for lice, or .some of the regular shc^p dips. 



Fin- lice on cattle, a wash of kerosene emulsion, rubbed on with a rag or 

 the hands to the parts where eggs and lice are most abundant, can be used 

 even in winter, with some care to avoid exposure, and wliile not usually 

 reaching every louse, will suBico to keep tlie pests in check. 



'I'dhacro decoflioii. — A simjile tobai.-co dec octicm is made b.v steeping tobacco 

 leaves and stems in water. 8u(;'h decoctions are poisonous to most animals, 

 and should not contain more tlian 2 to ."> per cent, of tobacco. ^Vilh horses 

 tht'y siiould only be applied to a part of the body at one time. 



Tdhacco and siilitliiir ilii>. — A combination, especially favoured iu Australia, 

 givi'u li.v (.'urtice, consists of tobacco and suljihur, of one pound each to every 

 four gallons of water to be u.sed. the tobacco .solution and sulphur being stirred 

 together till of a creamy consistency .and then diluted with reipiired amount 

 of water, 



SiiIiiliKf and lime di)). — Flowers of sulphur. 2T> i>ounds; quicklime, 20 

 pounds; water. IPO gallons. Lime is first slaked iu the usual manner, then the 

 rest of the water and sulphur are added. Boil for twenty minutes and 

 strain well. Hold the sheep in the mixture until the scabs are thoroughly 

 soaked. Inuuerse the head at least once. Use the dip at 100 to 110 degrees F. 

 Dip twice, with an intcr\al of ten days. The ingredients should be carefully 

 sifted befoi'e mixing, and the sediment should not be thrown into the tank. 



I'ljliiicco, suliilnir, and hic dip. — Thirty pounds of tobacco, 7 pounds of 

 sulpIiuT', ;i ])iauids of concentrated lye, dissolved in 100 gallons of water. 



J.iiir's (lij). — Tobacco, 10 pounds; oil of tar, .3 pints; soda ash, 20 pounds; 

 soft sii;ip, 4 iiouuds; water. 50 gallons. Sutticient for ."0 sheej). The tobacco 

 sh(nd(l be steeped, afterwards the other ingredients added at 70 degrees F. 



