81 



The best time for cutting out affected branches is towards the fall, or 

 when the trees have stopped forming new wood, when most of the blight has 

 developed, and when the contrast between the discoloured leaves and branches 

 and healthy tissues is easily seen. 



Trees should be carefully inspected for blight during tlio winter and in 

 spring before the blossoms come out, in order to destroy any affected parts 

 that may have been missed at previous inspection. 



All trees of the pome family in the vicinity .should be e.xamiued as well, 

 as these, if blighted, may serve to re-infect an orcliard which has been care- 

 fully treated. 



In cases where the bark of the trunk is affected, it can be cut out and 

 the wound covered with a lead or oil paint. The cut surface of the branches 

 over one-half inch in diameter should also be painted. — F. ('. Harrison. 

 Ontario Bulletin, .Yo. 136. 



When a tree blights, remove and burn at once, outside the orchard, every 

 trace of diseased wood. Saw off the smaller branches abotit a foot below the 

 least sign of disease, and dig out the spots on the trunk and larger limbs, 

 cutting deep enough to remove all discolouration. The knife and saw used in 

 pruning .should always be disinfected with carbolic acid before leaving each 

 tree, to avoid infecting the freshly-cut healthy wood of the next tree. The 

 expo.sed surfaces should be at once painted to exclude germs that may be 

 floating in the air. — Oregon Bull. 27. 



Leaf Blight of Tears (Entomosporiuni inuculatuni, Li:v.). 



The fungus causing this disease attacks the le^ives and fruit of the pear 

 and quince. On the leaves it produces small rounded spots of a brownish-red 

 cohiur. On the fruit the spots soon lose their reddish colour, becoming much 

 darker, while the surface .sometimes becomes cracked in severe eases as with 

 the scab. In the centre of the diseased spots small pimples may be .seen, due 

 to the formation of spores beneatli the epidermis. Later tliese cracks open, 

 allowing the spores to escape. 



The spores themselves are \-ery peculiar, each being composed of two 

 large and several small cells, united and possessing .several bristle-lilve 

 processes giving them an appearance suggesting some kind of an insect. It is 

 sometimes especially bad on nursery stock in the row. 



It is quite readily controlled by the Bordeaux mixture, about three appli- 

 cations serving to keep the foliage and fruit free from the disease. — Michigan 

 Bulletin Xo. 2o. 



Tlie Shot-hole fungus {Ciilimlrosporiun) padi. K.I penetrates the entire 

 leaf. Init coiigregates in sjiots to produce spores. Here tlie tissue dies, becomes 

 lirittle and soon breaks away, riddling the leaves, which turn yellow and fall 

 prcni.-iturely. 



Remedy. 



Spray with Bordeaux mixture or ammouiacal copper carbonate about 

 June 1st, and every three weeks thereafter, if the disease is bad. — Oregon 

 Bulletin Xo. 37. 



