lOi 



disease, but if one of tliese galls is cut open and examined with a strong 

 magnifying glass, it is easy to detect tlie white elongated mites with which the 

 inside is filled. The remedy for this insect enemy is to spray the trees just 

 before the leaf-buds expand with the lime and sulphur wash. The sulphur is 

 pi'actically obnoxious to all kinds of mites, and it has been found that this 

 serious enemy of the pear-grower may be practically exterminated with a 

 single thorough spraying with the mixture above mentioned. — Fletcher Report, 

 1906. 



Turnip and Cabbage Aphis (Apliis hrussicOi, L.). Fig. 21. 



(Fig. 21.) Natural size and enlarged. — Fletcher. 



Attacl-. — Clusters of gray plant-lice situated all round the bases of the 

 stems and beneath the leaves of Swede turnips and all kinds of cabbages, from 

 which they suck the sap, causing them to become withered and stunted and, in 

 serious outbreaks, destroying whole crops.' As a rule, these plant-lice are not 

 noticed until the end of the season ; but in dry autumn.s, or on high lands, they 

 increase with incredible rapidit.y and become one of the most destructive 

 enemies of the turnip grower. The eggs are laid late in autumn upon the 

 leaves and stems of the plant.s. 



The Turnip and Cabbage Aphis is very widespread, occurring in all parts 

 of the Dominion. In British Columbia it is frequently very destructive to 

 early cabbages and cauliflowers; but in Eastern Canada the most important 

 injury is to Swede turnips in fields at the time that they are forming their 

 roots. 



Remedies. — When cabbages in gardens are attacked, the colonies of plant- 

 lice should be destro.ved by spraying with kero.sene emulsio:. or whale-oil soap 

 on their first appearance. In turnip fields the injury is always in autumn, and 

 the colonies of plant-lice should always be looked for when the turnips are 

 being hoed and thinned. At this time good work may be done by simply hoeing 

 out the infested plants and, having pulled some earth over them with the 

 hoe, pressing it down with the foot. When the plant-lice are too numerous 

 for this simple treatment, the infested plants, which at this time are generally 

 in restricted areas, sliould be promptly sprayed with a knapsack sprayer, using 

 kerosene emulsion or whale-oil soap, one pound in six gallons of water. As 

 the eggs are laid late in autumn on the leaves of turnips and cabbages, 

 remnants of these crops should always be ploughed down as soon as the crop 

 is got in. Infested cabbages may be dipped in kerosene emulsion before 

 storing for the winter. — Fletcher. 



