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eolU'Ctiun of the perfect beetles by lieating trees at iiisht time lias sometimes 

 been iiractised with advantage, and a flock of poultry following; a plough in 

 infested fields, it is claimed, has done good work. 



When May Beetles attack fruit trees or are found abundantly on other 

 trees, spraying the foliage with arsenical poi.sons will destroy large numbers, 

 or. as they are much attracted by lights, the beetles may be killed in lantern 

 traps by placing lanterns in large pans of water with coal oil on the surface. 



When White Grubs are found destroying lawns, some good may be done 

 by spraying the grass freely with kerosene emulsion ( liemedy 2) and washing 

 it in with water. — FIctclirr. 



Okion Magoot { AiitlKiiiiiiid criinnim or I'linihiu vciiiiiiiiii) . 

 C.\iii!A(;E Maggot {Aiitlioiiniia hra-stsivd-) . 



Attack. — Small white maggots which bore into the roots of radishes, 

 freshly set-out cabbages, and into the bulbs of onions, and sometimes also 

 injure the roots of beans and Indian corn. 



The Cabbage or Radish Maggot, and the Onion Maggot, which for all 

 l)ractical purijoses may be treated of here as the same species, cause great 

 loss in crops of cauliflowers, early cabbages, turnips, radishes and onions, 

 almost every season. 



The maggots which are found attacking cabbages, radishes, cauliflowers 

 and turnips, and those in onions, and in beans and corn, are very similar, 

 but they belong to three different species. Phoihia hrux/iirir, Bouche, attaciving 

 plants of the cabbage variety, I'liorbia ccparniit, Meig., infesting onions, and 

 Phoihia pisciccps, Zett., Injuring beans and corn. 



Corn sown during a cold, wet period, by which germination is unduly 

 delayed, is very liable to be attacked by the Corn-seed Maggot {P. fusciceps). 

 In such cases it is well to wait for warm weather to re-sow and then ptish on 

 the crop with a light dressing of nitrate of soda, 200 lbs. to the acre. 



The perfect flies of all the.se maggots are very similar to the ordinar.v 

 observer and may be described as slender flies, somewhat smaller than the 

 ordinary house fly. which fly about close to the ground and lay their white 

 eggs on the stems of the young plants. Here, after a few days, the maggots 

 hatch and work their wa.v down beneath the soil. «heri' they lie close to the 

 root <ir liurrow into it. tearing the tissues with their hook-like mandibles and 

 living on the sap, thus soon reducing the root or stem to a rotten ma.ss. 

 When full grown, these maggots turn to reddish brown pniiaria in the soil 

 close to the roots. The exact number of broods of these maggots which may 

 be found in a season seems to be I'ather complicated by the overlapping of 

 broods, and the delay in issuing of some individuals of each brood ; but 

 practically it ma.v be said that cabbage and radish maggots do b.v far the 

 greatest amount of harm during the month of .June and early in July, and 

 in many years their injuries are slight after that period. With onions the 

 injury continues throughout the season and is most noticeable in June, August 

 and September. The injury to beans and Indian corn is only in spring, and, 

 as a ruk', is confined to plants which have been weakened b.v the seeds being 

 planted too deeply or liy late frosts. However, in seasons of excessive 

 abundance, cabbage and onion maggots may be found all through the growing 

 season, and cabbages and cauliflowers are occasionally injured in autumn by 

 the maggots attacking the heads of the plants. 



