184 



pUims und apiilfs. iMrU scale pi'oduees a briylit. rt'ddi.sh discolouration. If 

 badly infested, the fruit, particularly of pears and apples, becomes much pitted, 

 distorted in shape, cracked and unmarketable. 



For the benefit of fruit Inspectors in particular, it should be noted that 

 reddish discolourations upon yellow fruits are not always caused by San Jose 

 Scale. Upon yellow apples, and particularly upon peaches, very similar spots 

 are produced by attacks of certain minute fungi. Hence, such spots should 

 not in themselves be taken as proof of infestation by the scale. This can be 

 determined definitely only by a careful e.xamination, and tue actual detection 

 of the scale. The presence of such blotches may well arouse suspicion of the 

 presence of San Jose Scale, and should challenge a careful examination alike 

 by growers, buyers and inspector ; so also should the presence of dead and 

 .shrivelled leaves upon the trees in mid-winter invite examiation, for although 

 their presence is not proof of the presence of the scale, it is evidence that the 

 vitality of tlie tree has been seriously impaired by some cause, and in regions 

 where San Jose Scale is prevalant that cause in a vast majority of instances 

 is the scale. 



Development of San Jose Scale. 



On the approach of winter scales of various ages and sizes may be 

 found upon Infested trees. A very large proportion, especially of the immature 

 scales, usually perishes during the winter, but at the present writing, March 

 10, practically all are still alive. We may expect, therefore, with normal con- 

 ditions for the remainder of the season, to witness a very decided increase 

 in scale infestation during the coming summer. 



(Fig. 70.) 



(Fig. 71.) 



(Fig. 72.) 



Development of male insect: (a.), ventral ™ew of larva after first molt; (6), same after 

 second molt (propupa stage) ; (o) and (d), true pupa, ventral and dorsal view, all 

 greatly enlarged. 



(L. 0. Ilrjuard tuiil ('. L. Mnrlnit. nullrlhi Xo. .1. .A'rir fleries, Dirision of 

 En1omi)luij\i, U. S. neiHirlmcnt of AgrkiiUiire.) 



The male scales are not circular, but somewhat elongate. If one removes 

 one of the large circular scales the little yellow oliject thereby revealed is a 

 mature female. Tnder a moderate power of the niicroscoije she proves to be 



