CONTAGIOUS AND EPIZOOTIC DISEASES. 13 



ance of outward signs of illness. By this time the mouth, 

 inside the lips, on the dental part of the upper jaw or around 

 the gums of the lower front teeth, shows minute white elevations, 

 like the aphtha of the mouths of children, calves and lambs, 

 suffering from thrush (muguet). This may be exceedingly 

 slight and transient but is most characteristic. The other 

 mucous membranes (eye, vulva, rectum, nose), show a more or 

 less dark flush, and concretions may appear around these and 

 on other parts of the skin, especially the teats. These are solid 

 aggregations of epithelial cells, not vesicles nor pustules. In 

 twenty-four hours they undergo fatty softening and are easily 

 detached, leaving small pink erosions, and by the sixth day a 

 great part of the mouth and muzzle may have become raw, and 

 the surrounding mucous membrane of a deep red. About the 

 fourth day, the skin feels greasy, and dullness, and impaired 

 appetite and rumination appear. In cows the milk is dimin- 

 ished, richer in cream, and even slightly coagulable. Urine 

 becomes scanty and of a high colour and density. These signs 

 increase until the sixth day, when the mouth is often raw, 

 saliva drivels, appetite and rumination are gone, bowels relaxed, 

 the dung passed with much straining and pain, the everted gut 

 appearing of a deep red or port-wine hue, the ears are drawn 

 back, head pendent, eyes half-closed and watery, back arched 

 and often insensible to pinching, abdominal muscles tense and 

 resistant, and there is a peculiar check in the act of expiration, 

 the breath being suddenly arrested with a flapping sound and 

 concussion of the entire body, to be exhaled a second or two 

 later with a grunting noise. Sighing and whistling sounds are 

 heard in the chest and it becomes unnaturally drum-like to 

 percussion. A sudden lowering of temperature is usually 

 the precursor of death, which happens on the seventh or 

 eighth day. 



Nervous symptoms appear in some outbreaks, with delirium, 

 butting, shivering, and tenderness of the loins, while in the. 



