CONTAGIOUS AND EPIZOOTIC DISEASES. 25 



e.lm), and to meet other states according to indications. Every 

 separate case would demand special treatment 



In birds, change of the yard, and sulphate of iron and 

 carbolic acid in the water are especially reliable to check, 



INTESTINAL FEVER IN SWINE. HOG-CHOI.ERA. 



A specific contagious fever of swine, attended by congestion, 

 exudation, blood extravasation, and ulceration of the membrane 

 of the stomach and bowels, by liquid foetid diarrhoea, by general 

 heat and redness of the surface and by the appearance on the 

 skin and mucous membranes of spots and patches of a scarlet^ 

 purple, or black colour. It is fatal in from one to six days, or 

 ends in a tedious, uncertain recovery. 



Symptoms. — Incubation ranges from a week or fortnight in 

 cold weather to three days in warm. It is followed by shivering, 

 dullness, prostration, hiding under the litter, unwillingness to 

 rise, hot, dry snout, sunken eyes, unsteady gait behind, impaired 

 or lost appetite, ardent thirst, increased temperature (103 •2° to 

 105° P.) and pulse. With the occurrence of heat and soreness 

 of the skin, it is suffused with red patches and l>lack spots, the 

 former disappearing on pressure, the latter not. The tongue is 

 thickly furred, the pulse small, weak, and rapid, the breathing 

 accelerated and a hard dry cough is frequent. Sickness and 

 vomiting may be present, the animal grunts or screams if the 

 belly is handled, the bowels may be costive throughout, but 

 more commonly they become relaxed about the third day, and 

 an exhausting foetid diarrhoea ensues. Lymph and blood may 

 pass with the dung. Before death the patient loses control of 

 the hind limbs, and is often sunk in complete stupor, with mus- 

 cular trembling, jerking, and involuntary motions of the bowels. 



Causes. — It is mamly propagated by contagion, though faults 

 in diet and management may serve to develop it. The poison 

 will blow half a mile or more on the wind, and is with difficulty 

 destroyed in hog pens, fodder, etc. 



