CONTAGIOUS AND EPIZOOTIC DISEASES. 35 



yellow, bacon-like appearance, with red streaks and spots. 

 The animals die in twelve to twenty-four hours, rarely surviving 

 three days. The blood is in the state so characteristic of 

 anthrax, with bacteria, enlarged spleen, and sanguineous effu- 

 sions. In calile similar tumours appear, mainly on the throat, 

 neck, or dewlap, in sheej> and goats on the bare surfaces, and in 

 pigs around the throat. In all cases the disease, when con- 

 veyed to man, produces the blue-pox (malignant pustule). At 

 the outset all cases prove fatal, later recoveries occur under the 

 local use of cold water, or the hot iron, or other caustics pushed 

 to the depth of the tumour, and mineral acids internally. 



(2) Malignant Anthrax with Diffused Local swellings^ 

 Typhus. — This is usually confounded with the purpura 

 hcBnwrrhagica, which is in no sense a contagious affection, 

 but occurs in weak conditions of the body, as a sequel of 

 debilitating diseases (influenza, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.) 

 Our limits forbid extended treatment, hence the general 

 symptoms will be named, and the observer left to distinguish 

 the two diseases according to their origin, communicability, 

 and prevalence. 



Symptoms. — Shivering, lassitude, stupor, impaired appetite, 

 whitish discharge from the nose, accelerated pulse and breath- 

 ing, costiveness with slimy dung or scouring, high-coloured, 

 odorous, or bloody urine, swellings the size of a walnut or 

 closed fist on different parts of the body, or a continuous 

 swelling beneath the chest and belly, or extreme engorgement 

 of the limbs or head. These are at first hot and tender, and 

 easily indented with the finger, but soon become hard, the 

 skin gets rigid and exudes drops of a yellow serum or pure 

 blood. They may render the patient unable to walk, see, feed, 

 drink, urinate, or breathe according to situation. The mucous 

 membranes become swelled^ puffy, dusky, or yellow, with red 

 spots and streaks, and a viscid, bloody, and finally foetid 

 discharge flows from the noso Breathing may become 



