92 THE FARM DOCTOR. 



In very severe cases, a large Unseed poultice may be applied 

 over the chest, or it may be shaven and subjected to dry cup- 

 ping, or an active blister may be applied as for pneumonia. 



If there is extreme effusion threatening suffocation, the liquid 

 must be drawn off by a small cannula and trocar (see Tympany) 

 inserted at the anterior border and near the lower end of the 

 ninth rib, the skin having first been drawn aside to form a 

 valvular wound, and great care being taken to prevent the 

 entrance of air. The liquid should be drawn off only in part 

 at first to avoid shock, and the operation repeated in a day or 

 two. It should be followed by tonics (sulphate of iron, tincture 

 of gentian), stimulants (sweet spirits of nitre) and diuretics 

 (iodide of potassium). 



PLEURO-PNEUMONIA, BRONCHO-PNEUMONIA, AND BRONCHO- 

 PLEURO-PNEUMONIA 



Are common complications of the three diseases, bronchitis, 

 pneumonia, and pleurisy, and their respective symptoms and 

 treatment may be inferred from the description of the uncom- 

 plicated affections. 



HYDROTHORAX. WATER IN THE CHEST. 



Beside the effusion of liquid into the cavity of the chest in 

 pleurisy, dropsical effusions may take place into it in connexion 

 with weak, bloodless conditions, as \\\ flukes in the liver, disease 

 of the heart, enlarged bronchial lymphatic glands, and other 

 morbid states. The symptoms resemble those of hydrothorax 

 following pleurisy, only there is no fever, and there are the 

 indications of those other diseases on which it is dependent. 

 The treatment is essentially the same after the morbid condition 

 which has caused the effusion has been removed. If that is 

 incurable, neither can this be remedied. 



PNEUMOTHORAX. AIR OR GAS IN THE CHEST. 



This often attends on hydrothorax when the contained liquid 



