CHAPTER Vlil. 

 DISEASES OF THE LIVER. 



Effects of deranged functions of the liver. General symptoms and ca jses. 

 Saccliarine urine, Diabetes Mellitus. Blood-poisoning from imperfect oxida- 

 tion of albuminoids, Azotaemia, Azoturia, Enzootic Haematuria, Spinal Menin- 

 gitis. Red-water in cattle, sheep, and pigs. Wood Evil. Jaundice, Icterus, 

 the Yellows. Congestion of the liver. Rupture of the liver. Inflammation of 

 the liver, Hepatitis. Chronic Inflammation of the liver. Results of Hepatitis. 

 Gall - stones, Biliary Calculi. Fatty degeneration. Tubercle. Cancer, 

 Hypertrophy. Atrophy. Parasitic diseases of the liver. Liver-rot, Fluke- 

 disease. Fasciola Hepatica. Distomum Lanceolatum. 



Only now, when the functions of the Hver are being more 

 fully discovered, do we begin to apprehend the full importance 

 of its various disorders. Formerly this organ was supposed to 

 have exhausted its functions in the secretion of bile, and the 

 various modifications and impaired discharge of this product, 

 together with inflammation, morbid growths and degenerations, 

 circumscribed the list of hepatic diseases. But the recognition 

 of the formation of glycogen and cholesterine in the liver, 

 together with urea and other less perfectly oxidized nitrogenous 

 bodies which pass into the blood in place of being discharged 

 with the bile, points to the liver as the chief local seat of various 

 disorders such as diabetes, cholesterine, plugging of vessels, 

 blood-poisoning from imperfectly oxidized albuminoids, and 

 urinary calculi. 



Gatefal Symptoms. — These may be stated shortly as follows; 

 obesity, sluggishness, irregular bowels, the dung being abundant, 

 liquid, and deep yellow or orange from excess of bile in active 



