aoJ* THE FARM DOCTOR. 



Finally, all other measures failing, the urine may be withdrawn 

 with a well-oiled catheter. This should be ^ inch in diametei 

 for the horse, \ inch for the bull, and a line for the dog. Con- 

 trary to the usual statement a small catheter may be passed 

 in the bull when the penis is sufficiently extended to efface the 

 S-shaped bend of the penis. In the mare the spasm may be 

 overcome by the insertion of one or two fingers through the 

 opening which is found in the median line of the floor of the 

 passage about four inches from the external orifice. In the cow 

 care is required to enter the central orifice, as there is a blind 

 sac on each side. 



PARALYSIS OF THE BLADDER 



May occur from excessive over-distension, in connexion with 

 lock-jaw or rheumatism, which prevents stretching to stale, with 

 cystitis implicating the muscular coat, spasm of the neck ot the 

 bladder, or decomposition of the urine. It is attendant on 

 disease or injury of the terminal part of the spinal cord, on 

 broken back, etc., and is then associated with palsy of the tail 

 and it may be of the hind limbs. 



Sy7nptoms. — If the neck is involved the urine dribbles away 

 constantly, without straining, is discharged in the sheath and 

 runs down inside the thighs, causing irritation and inflammation 

 in both. If the neck is unaffected the urine accumulates in 

 the bladder, causing over-distension, irritation, and rupture. 

 The urine decomposes, setting free ammonia, which softens 

 and dissolves the epithelium and establishes the worst type of 

 cystitis. 



Treatment. — In cases of broken back or disease of the spinal 

 cord, attention must be given to that, and, if remediable, the 

 urine must be drawn off frequently with a catheter to prevent 

 over-distension and injury to the bladder. In local paralysis, 

 or after the spinal cord has recovered, apply a blister (mustard) 

 between the thighs beneath the anus or vulva, or over the back 



