2i6 THE FARM DOCTOR. 



sheep it is little marked, but the tail is slightly raised and the 

 accelerator urinse muscle is seen contracting just beneath the 

 anus as in ordinary urination. Examination along the course 

 of the urethra will detect one or more hard nodular enlarge- 

 ments at the S-shaped curve or elsewhere. If more than one 

 are present, they may be made to grate on each other. 



Treatment — If in the papilla or vermiform appendix, try to 

 extract by manipulation. Should this fail, slit open the dact, 

 or in the ram cut off the appendix. If higher up it must be 

 cut down upon, through the skin, and extracted. In cattle it 

 is desirable to first pull the penis backward or forward so that 

 the incision may clear the scrotum with its excess of areolar 

 tissue and fai. 



PREPUTIAL CALCULI. STONES IN THE PREPUCE OR SHEATH. 



In oxen and sheep urinary saits often crystallize out or. the 

 hairs, and may even block the passage somewhat. I'ney are 

 easily removed by manipulation or with scissors. The accumu- 

 lations of sebaceous matter, in the bilocular cavity on the end 

 of the penis or in the sheath of the horse, sometimes receive 

 this name. They are best removed by thorough washing with 

 soap and warm water, and the parts may then be lubricated 

 with sweet-oiL 



SAND-LIKE DEPOSIT OR SOFT MAGMA IN THE BLADDER. 



This is frequent in the horse, the spherical granules of car- 

 bonate of lime and magnesia remaining apart instead of becom- 

 ing agglutinated into a stone. Its mildest form is shown in the 

 passage of a white matter at the completion of the act of 

 urination. When accumulated so as to fill half of the bladder 

 or more, this comes away in large amount, and is found within 

 the sheath and on the inner sides of the thighs, for the urine 

 escapes involuntarily und continuously. 



Treatment — Wash out the bladder by pumping water through 



