DISEASES OF THE ORGANS OF GENERATION. 221 



the other. In the colt and old horses and bulls the structures 

 are so tough that the cord must be seized by two pairs of 

 pincers in order to accomplish satisfactory twisting. 



Clamps (sticks) are very generally employed in horses, the 

 important considerations being that the wood shall be tough 

 and unyielding, that they shall be grooved to give greater 

 security of hold, that they shall be tied together with well twined 

 inelastic cords, and that when applied they shall be squeezed 

 together with pincers, while the end is being tied, that the 

 included tissues may have their vitality destroyed. 



The other methods of tying, searing, and scraping the artery, 

 etc., cannot be described here, though one plan will succeed as 

 well as another if properly done. For these and castration of 

 iryptorchids (originals, rigs), see larger work. 



EVIL RESULTS OF CASTRATION. 



Strangulated Cord. — When the cord is left unduly long 

 and the wound in the skin small, it may be strangled by the 

 swelling and contraction, giving rise to intense suffering and 

 high fever. The beast walks with a stiff gait, and the end ot 

 the cord is felt red and tense, protruding from the wound, which 

 grasps it tightly. All that is necessary is to enlarge the orifice 

 with a knife and push up the cord to give permanent relief. 



Swelling of the Sheath may occur, and especially in the 

 young, from unhealthy states of the system, or from premature 

 closure of the wound and imprisonment of matter. In all such 

 cases re-open the wound with the fingers and apply fresh lard 

 to prevent a second adhesion. It is a good plan to apply lard 

 to the wounds in castrating to obviate adhesion. Next foment 

 the parts continually with warm water to hasten the formation 

 of matter. When a free cream-like discharge is established the 

 swelling will rapidly subside. 



Phymosis and Paraph VMOSis. — In such cases the penis may 

 be imprisoned within the sheath or protruded and swollen so 



