Kxowi.r.DGi-: 



Decrmber, 1912. 



tlio s|i(iri's (if otluT spocii'S tliat would not (,'t-i-miii;ilc 

 on ordinary cnlfiirr media were found to do so 

 readily in the tUiid from the dif^estive trart of the 

 slufj. SUigs are eaten liy many liirds who often fly 

 lonj; distances, and it is possible that in this way the 

 wide distribution of some species of fungus is to be 

 explained. The germinating spores of species of 

 Lactariiis and Riissiila have been actualK' found in 

 the digestive tracts of toads caught in pine woods. 

 and were probably derived from tlie slugs that the\- 

 had eaten. 



Perhaps the most striking of \'oglino"s observa- 

 tions was the following. Ten specimens of a 

 toadstool {Hehcloiiia fitstihilc) were enclosed as they 

 grew and four starved slugs introduced. The toad- 

 stools were eaten, especially their gills. One of the 

 slugs was killed and germinating spores of Hehelonm 

 fastibile found in its digestive tract. The other 

 three were left in the enclosure, which was watered 

 with sterilised water, and kept enclosed for nearly a 

 year. Specimens of Hehelonm were then found to 



lie more numerous within it than elsewhere in the 

 neighbourhood. 



It is probable, therefore, that several species of 

 Lacfiiriitx and Riissiila are greatly assisted by slugs 

 in their s[)ore dispersal. 



Atkinson, G. F. 



Blyth, Wynter 



Brouardel, P. • 

 ;ind (iilbert, A. i 

 Buller. A. H. R. 

 Cooke, M. C. ... 



Gautier, L. M.F. 

 Massee, Georf^e 

 Smith, A. B. ... 



Swanton, K. W. 



Vibcrt. C. 



BiBLKJCiKAl'HY. 



' Mushrooms, Edible and 



Poisonous." 

 ' Poisons : Their Effects and 



Detection " 



Nouveau Traitc de Mede- 



cine et de Therapeutiqne " 



Researches on Fungi " 



' Edible and Poisonous 



Mushrooms" 

 ' Les Champignons " 

 ' British Fungi " ... 

 ' Poisonous Plants of all 



Countries " 

 Fungi and how to know 



them " 

 Precis de Toxicologie " ... 



New York, 



I'JOl 

 London. 1906 



London, 1909 

 London. 1894 



Paris. 1884 

 London, 1911 

 Bristol, 1905 



London, 1909 



Paris, 1907 



SOLAR DISTURB.AXCES DURING OCTOBER. 191: 

 ISv I'KAXK C. D1£NN1:TT. 



Although the sun was observed every day during October, 

 with the exception of the 26th, only two days (15th and 25th I 

 were marked as being without visible disturbance. Spots were 

 observed on nine days, and faculae on the remaining nineteen. 

 The longitude of the central meridian, at noon on October 1st, 

 was 138°57'. 



No. 20. — First seen as a group on the morning of October 

 5th, but an area near by had shown signs of activity since the 

 1st, developing minute pores on the 3rd. Upon the 5th the 

 preceding and following spotlets were largest, the former 

 increasing considerably by the 6th. On the 7th when one of 

 the smaller spots had a decidedly vortical appearance, the 

 leader had become 1 1 ,000 miles in diameter, and the trailer 

 13,000 miles. The group was decidedly of an elliptical form. 

 Rapid changes were frequently taking place. On and after 

 the 6th the leader had its penumbra brightening inwards, and 

 the hindermost spot also on the 9th. On the 10th the 

 components had much decreased in size, and next day only 

 one spot, the leader, was visible amid the faculae closing up 

 to the western limb. The outbreak occurred directly south of 

 the place of No. 18. 



«ONo. 21. — On the 18th a faculic knot was noted within 

 the eastern limb. Next day closely north-west of this 

 was a penumbraless pore, also surrounded by a facula. 



The latter was visible on the 20th, but the pore was gone 



No. 22. — Amid the faculic remains of No. 19, a pore, only 

 lasting one day, was visible on the 29th. 



In other ways the photosphere has shown traces of activity, 

 small duskj' pores showing, yet not sufficiently well marked 

 for measurement. Particularly was this the case on the 25th, 

 when long serpentine chains of these dusky dots were visible. 

 Also on the 28th in low southern latitude, some three days 

 within the east limb, there was a close group of dull spots, 

 easily seen with the spectroscope, but not so with the telescope. 



The faculic disturbances set down on the chart were 

 observed as follows; — That around Longitude 2°, S. Latitude 

 5°, from October 6th to 8th and on the 16th and 17th ; the 

 knot at 1°, 17° N.. on the 17th : that on either side of 50°. 2° 

 S.. on the 3rd and 4th ; that crossing 60". at 7' S., on the 10th 

 until the 13th and on the 29th ; the knot at 125°, 21° S. on the 

 _'4th : that at 140'. 20^ N. on the 23rd and 24th ; the consider- 

 able group about 172°. 12° S. from the 3rd to the 5th. and 

 also on the 30th and 31st ; that in the same longitude, but in 

 5° S. Latitude, from the 20th till the 23rd ; and that at 200°, 

 4° S. from the 18th until the 20th. 



Our chart is constructed from the combined observations of 

 Messrs. John McHarg, A. A. Buss, E. E. Peacock, C. P. 

 Frooms, D. Booth, and the writer. 



DAY OF OCTOBER, 191 : 



