﻿200 
  History 
  of 
  Durham. 
  

  

  as 
  the 
  first 
  of 
  June, 
  some 
  of 
  these 
  species 
  are 
  very 
  destructive 
  

   in 
  the 
  corn-fields, 
  especially 
  upon 
  lands 
  which 
  have 
  been 
  

   lying 
  out 
  for 
  some 
  years; 
  but 
  they 
  are 
  rarely 
  troublesome 
  

   in 
  well-cultivated 
  fields. 
  

  

  In 
  Ohio, 
  Pennsylvania, 
  and 
  perhaps 
  farther 
  northward, 
  

   the 
  HeliotJm 
  armigera 
  (the 
  southern 
  boll-worm, 
  or 
  corn- 
  

   worm) 
  is 
  sometimes 
  found 
  feeding 
  upon 
  the 
  seed-leaves 
  of 
  

   young 
  tobacco 
  plants, 
  but 
  south 
  of 
  35° 
  these 
  worms 
  are 
  

   rarely 
  known 
  to 
  attack 
  tobacco 
  plants, 
  since 
  the}' 
  find 
  more 
  

   appropriate 
  food 
  in 
  abundance. 
  

  

  Some 
  reliable 
  authorities 
  state 
  that 
  in 
  the 
  earlier 
  

   stages 
  of 
  growth 
  in 
  the 
  field, 
  tobacco 
  plants 
  have 
  been 
  at- 
  

   tacked 
  by 
  the 
  Epilachim 
  borealis 
  (northern 
  lady 
  bird). 
  This 
  

   insect 
  is 
  shaped 
  like 
  the 
  common 
  " 
  box 
  turtle," 
  is 
  of 
  a 
  lemon- 
  

   yellow 
  color, 
  spotted 
  all 
  over 
  with 
  black, 
  and 
  when 
  caught 
  

   in 
  the 
  hand 
  emits 
  a 
  few 
  drops 
  of 
  a 
  clear 
  yellow 
  fluid 
  of 
  un- 
  

   pleasant 
  odor. 
  It 
  is 
  nearly 
  as 
  large 
  as 
  the 
  Colorado 
  potato 
  

   beetle, 
  but 
  rather 
  more 
  hemispherical, 
  and 
  the 
  larva, 
  pupa, 
  

   and 
  imago 
  are 
  often 
  found 
  together 
  on 
  the 
  same 
  plant. 
  They 
  

   are 
  usually 
  found 
  upon 
  pumpkin, 
  melon, 
  and 
  cucumber 
  

   vines. 
  The 
  larva 
  is 
  a 
  short, 
  convexed 
  slug, 
  of 
  a 
  uniform 
  

   bright 
  yellow 
  color, 
  covered 
  all 
  over 
  with 
  short, 
  bristly 
  

   hairs, 
  and 
  has 
  a 
  pair 
  of 
  very 
  black 
  eyes. 
  It 
  undergoes 
  all 
  

   its 
  transformations 
  on 
  the 
  plants 
  it 
  infests, 
  and 
  the 
  pupa 
  is 
  

   suspended 
  by 
  the 
  adhesion 
  of 
  the 
  caudal 
  extremity. 
  This 
  

   species 
  and 
  several 
  others 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  family 
  hibernate 
  be- 
  

   neath 
  the 
  rough 
  outer 
  bark 
  of 
  the 
  wild 
  cherry, 
  and 
  some- 
  

   times 
  upon 
  the 
  apple 
  trees 
  in 
  neglected 
  orchards. 
  These 
  

   insects, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  some 
  others 
  hereafter 
  mentioned, 
  are 
  

   rarely 
  found 
  upon 
  tobacco 
  plants 
  except 
  near 
  trees 
  of 
  shrub- 
  

   bery 
  or 
  close 
  to 
  fences. 
  

  

  Tree 
  crickets 
  {CEcanihiis 
  niveus) 
  are 
  often 
  found 
  upon 
  to- 
  

   bacco 
  plants 
  in 
  Tennessee, 
  North 
  Carolina 
  and 
  other 
  south- 
  

   ern 
  tobacco 
  regions 
  in 
  July 
  and 
  August, 
  and 
  in 
  Pennsylva- 
  

   nia 
  and 
  farther 
  north 
  in 
  August. 
  Though 
  usually 
  found 
  

   on 
  trees, 
  these 
  crickets 
  show 
  a 
  decided 
  partiality 
  for 
  tobacco^ 
  

   perforating 
  the 
  tender 
  top 
  leaves 
  about 
  the 
  time 
  they 
  are 
  

   expanding. 
  It 
  does 
  not 
  kill 
  the 
  leaf 
  nor 
  arrest 
  its 
  growth^ 
  

   but 
  the 
  holes 
  increase 
  in 
  size. 
  Although 
  these 
  holes 
  are 
  

   circular 
  when 
  first 
  made, 
  they 
  become 
  oblong 
  as 
  the 
  leaves 
  

   lengthen, 
  and 
  always 
  in 
  the 
  longitudinal 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  

   leaf. 
  These 
  crickets, 
  when 
  young, 
  either 
  leap 
  away 
  or 
  hide 
  

   among 
  the 
  leaves 
  when 
  approached, 
  but 
  after 
  their 
  wings 
  

  

  