January 1, 1896.] 



KNOWLEDGE. 



23 



satellite itself at llh. 9m. p.m. On the ?th, at 7h. 59m. 

 P.M., a transit egress of the third satellite. On the 5th 

 an occultation disappearance of the second satellite at 

 9h. 6m. P.M. On the 8th an eclipse disappearance of the 

 iirst satellite at lOh. Om. 27s. p.m. On the 9th a transit 

 ingress of the shadow of the first satellite at 7h. 19m. p.m., 

 of the satellite itself at 7h. 41m. p.m. ; a transit egress of 

 the shadow at 9h. 38m. p.m., and of the satellite itself at 

 lOh. Im. P.M. On the 10th an occultation reappearance 

 of the first satellite at 7h. 7m. p.m. On the 11th a transit 

 ingress of the thii'd satellite at 7h. 3Gm. p.m. ; a transit 

 egress of its shadow at 9h. •57m. p.m., a transit egress of 

 the satellite itself at llh. 15m. p.m. On the 12th a transit 

 ingress of the fourth satellite at 6h. 43m. ; an eclipse 

 disappearance of the second satellite at 7h. 53m. 23s. p.m.; 

 a transit egress of the shadow of the fourth satelhte at 

 8h. 36m. p.m. ; an occultation reappearance of the second 

 satellite at llh. 21m. p.m. ; a transit egress of the fourth 

 sateUite at llh. 26m. p.m. On the 15th an eclipse dis- 

 appearance of the first satellite at I Ih. 34m. 233. p.m. On 

 the 16th a transit ingress of the shadow of the first 

 satellite at Oh. 12m. p.m., of the satelhte itself at 9h. 24m. 

 P.M. ; a transit egress of the shadow at llh. 32m. p.m., and of 

 the satellite at llh. 4om. p.m. On the 17th an eclipse 

 disappearance of the first satellite at 6h. 22m. 51s. p.m., 

 and its occultation reappearance at 8h. 51m. p.m. On the 

 18th a transit egress of the shadow of the first satelLLte at 

 6h. Im. P.M., of its shadow at Oh. 11m. p.m. ; a transit 

 ingress of the shadow of the third sateUite at lOh. 19m. 

 P.M., and of the satellite itself at lOh. 51m. p.m. On the 

 19th an echpse of the second satellite at lOh. 29m. Is. p.m. 

 On the 21st a transit egress of the shadow of the second 

 sateUite at 7h. 30m. p.m., of the sateUite itself at 7h. 39m. 

 P.M. On the 23rd a transit ingress of the shadow of the 

 first sateUite at llh. 7m. p.m., and of the satellite itself at 

 llh. 8m. P.M. In this case, and on the 25th, the shadow 

 may be occulted by the satellite. On the 24th an occulta- 

 tion disappearance of the first satellite at 8h. 14m. p m., 

 and its reappearance at lOh. 34m. p.m. On the 25th a 

 transit ingress of the first sateUite at 5h. 34m. p.m., of its 

 shadow at 5h. 35m. p.m., ; a transit egress of the satellite 

 at 7h. 54m. p.m., and of its shadow at 7h. 55m. On 

 the 28th a transit ingress of the second sateUite at 

 Oh. 58m. P.M., of its shadow at 7h. 11m. p.m. ; a transit 

 egress of the satellite at 9h. 53m. p.m., and of its 

 shadow at lOh. Gm. p.m. On the 29th an eclipse 

 reappearance of the third at 7h. 43m. 25s. p.m. On the 

 31st an occultation disappearance of the first satellite at 

 Oh. 58m. P.M. 



Neptune is an evening star, rising on the 1st at 2h. 11m. 

 P.M., with a northern declination of 21° 15', and an apparent 

 diameter of 2-7". On the 31st he rises shortly after noon, 

 with a northern declination of 21 ' 12'. During the month 

 he describes a short direct path just to the south-east of 

 I Tauri. He wiU be in conjunction with the 6:j^ magnitude 

 star B.A.C. 1555 at about 2h. a.m. on the 19th; 4^ to 

 the north of the star. A map of the stars near his path 

 will be found in the Enqlish Mcchunic for August 16th, 

 1895. 



January is a favourable month for shooting stars, the 

 most noted shower being that of the (Jwclrnntiih, the 

 radiant point being in E.A. 19h. 12m., and 53^ north 

 declination ; the greatest display being visible during the 

 morning hours of January 1st to 3rd. 



The Moon enters her last quarter at 3h. 25m. p.m. on 

 the 7th ; is new at lOh. 19m. p.m. on the 14th ; enters her 

 first quarter at 2h. 42m. a.m. on the 23rd ; and is full at 

 8h. 55m. A.M. on the 30th. She is in perigee at 4h. a.m. 

 on the 4th, and in apogee at 5h. a..m. on the 20th. 



Cljrss Column. 



By C. D. LococK, B.A.Oxon. 



Communications for this column should be addressed to 

 C. D. LococK, Burwash, Sussex, and posted on or before 

 the 12th of each month. 



Solutions of December Problems, 



No. 1.— (A. C. ChaUenger.) 



Key -move. — 1. P to Kto. 



n 1. . . . E X P (Kt4), 2. B X Etch, &c. 



1. . . . R elsewhere, 2. QxPch. 



1. . . .BxP, 2. Q toB4ch. 



1. . . . Kt moves, 2. Kt to K3ch7 



1 PxKt, 2. QtoQ4ch. 



CoKRECT Solutions received from G. A. F. (Brentwood), 

 W. WUlby, J. T. Blakemore, and A. H. Walker. 



No. 2.— (A. G. FeUows.) 

 Author's Key. — 1. Q to Qsq. 



This problem, which was received too late for examina- 

 tion, appears to admit of four other solutions, viz : — 1. R 

 to QBsq, 1. Kt to Q3, 1. Kt to Q7, and 1. Q to Kt4. 



Correct Solutions received from J. T. Blakemore (4 

 Solutions), G. A. F. (Brentwood) (2 Solutions), W. WUlby, 

 H. S. Brandreth, Alpha (2 Solutions), J. Lamond, W. W. 

 Strickland, and A. H. Walker. 



W. Willbtj and G. A. F. — Quite right as to the dual ; but 

 in the presence of the graver defects it may pass un- 

 noticed. 



J. IF. R. Wats,m.—Ji 1. Kt to B7ch, K to B4. 



Alpha. — Q to B6ch will not solve the sui-mate. After 

 1. . . . P xQ, 2. Kt to K3ch, K to Q5ch, the Knight can 

 cover. Your solution could not be acknowledged last 

 month. This page had gone to press some days before it 

 arrived. 



A Norseman. — It is too late now to " ignore " your 

 correct solution to November problem (No. 2|. At the 

 same time we place on record your protest against the 

 appearance of a problem with a capture for the key-move 

 simultaneously with our remarks on problems of this 

 nature. It should be observed, however, that the Pawn 

 captured was not a movable one. 



J. T. BlaI.emore. — Thanks for the problem. We wiU 

 examine it, and hope to insert it next month. 



THE EIGHT QUEENS PROBLEM. 



Probably most Chess-Players are aware that it is possible 

 to place eight Queens on a Chess-Board in such a manner 

 that no Queen can play to a square occupied by any other 

 Queen ; but, possibly, some may be surprised to learn that 

 there are ninety-two ways of performing the feat, and may 

 be ignorant of the laws which connect the various methods, 

 and of certain curious coincidences revealed by a study of 

 the positions. At the present season such an examination 

 may prove interesting, if not entirely profitable ; and we 

 shall begin by a simple enumeration of the ninety-two 

 possible positions, reserving our remarks on them for a 

 future occasion. We have divided the positions into four 

 classes (A, B, C, D,) according to the position of the 

 Queen on the Queen's Rook's file, and labelled each position 

 with a Greek letter. In many cases the same letter is 

 used. When this occurs it will be found that the positions 

 are rendered identical when the board is turned round. 

 We have used the German form of notation, and give a 

 diagram to explain it. lQI'"' '^ *>^ ! KKt5 is g."), and so on.] 



