June 1, 1896.] 



KNOWLEDGE. 



143 



system of mouuting should be resorted to than that we 

 have suggested as being sufficient for ordinary observation 

 and recognition of species. 



What power of instinctive inclination endows these 

 simple and minute animals, and induces each species to 

 constantly adhere to a particular design in the formation 

 of its abode — why each member of a colony seems to be 

 thoroughly educated in the work it has to perform while 

 helping to build a branch of the polypidom so that it may 

 exactly coincide with all the others — is one of the deeply 

 hidden mysteries connected with the lower forms of 

 animal life. 



s 



THE FACE OF THE SKY FOR JUNE. 



By Herbert Sadler, F.E.A.S. 



UN SPOTS and faculse are rapidly diminishing in 

 size and number. 



Mercury is an evening star during the first 

 week of the month. On the 1st he sets at 9h. 2m. 

 P.M., or 57m. after the Sun, with a northern 

 declination of 22° 3i', and an apparent diameter of 11^", 

 about y^otins of the disc being illuminated. On the 4th he 

 sets at 8h. 41m. p m., or 34m. after the Sun, with a northern 

 declination of 21'^ 39', and an apparent diameter of ilj", 

 Y^jj ths of the disc being illuminated. He is in inferior con- 

 junction with the Sun on the 10th, and after that becomes 

 a morning star. Ou the 26th he rises at 3h. p.m., 

 or about tbree-quarters of an hour before the Sun, with a 

 northern declination of 18° 44', and an apparent diameter 

 of 9j", about Yo'-i's of 'lis <^isc being illuminated. On the 

 30th he rises at 2h. 47m. a.m., or about Ih. before the 

 Sun, with a northern declination of 19° 30', and an 

 apparent diameter of 8^", i^'o^^'s of the disc being illumi- 

 nated. During the first week in June he pursues a short 

 retrograde path in the eastern border of Taurus, and during 

 the last week a short direct path in the same quarter. 



Venus is invisible, and Mars, for the observer's purposes, 

 is in the same condition. 



Jupiter is an evening star, but is so near the Sun that 

 we only continue his ephemeris during the first three 

 weeks of the month. On the 1st he sets at llh. 41m. p.m., 

 with a northern declination of 19° 34', and an apparent 

 equatorial diameter of 34 j". On the 8th lie sets atllh. IGm. 

 P.M., with a northern declination of 19° IG', and an 

 apparent equatorial diameter of 33j". On the 18th he 

 sets at lOh. 41m. p.m., with a northern declination of 

 18° 47', and an apparent equatorial diameter of 33''. 

 While visible he describes a short direct path in Cancer, 

 being about j° north of S Cancri on the 10th. The 

 following phenomena of the satellites occur while the planet 

 is more than 8° above and the Sun 8° below the horizon: — 

 On the 2nd a transit ingress of the first satellite at 9h. 27m. 

 P.M., an occultation disappearance of the second satellite 

 at 9h. 31m. p.m., and a transit ingress of the third satellite 

 at 9h. 57m. p.m. On the 4th an eclipse disappearance of 

 the first satellite at lOh. 3m. 5s. p.m. Jupiter will bo 

 occulted by the Moon on the evening of the 14th. The 

 disappearance will occur at 9h. 52m. p.m., at an angle from 

 the north point of 113 ' (reckoning from N.E. to S.W.), and 

 reappear at lOh. 43m. p.m., at an angle of 293 . The 

 four bright satellites will also be occulted. 



Saturn is an evening star. He rises on the 1st at 

 5h. IGm. p.m., with a southern declination of 13' ;!S', and 

 an apparent equatorial diameter of 17! ' (the major axis of 

 the ring system being 43 ' in diameter, and the minor 15 ). 

 On the 10th he rises at 4h. 34m. p.m., with a southern 

 declination of 13° 3U', and an apparent equatorial diameter 



of 17^". On the 17th he rises at 4h. 4m. p.m., with a 

 southern declination of 13 26', and an apparent equatorial 

 diameter of 17" (the major axis of the ring system being 

 42t" in diameter, and the minor 14| '). On the 30th he 

 sets at Ih. 4m. a.m., with a southern declination of 13i', 

 and an apparent diameter of IGf. During the month he 

 pursues a retrograde path in Libra, being less than ^ south 

 of /x LibriB (5^ magnitude) on the 30th. a. Librse is an 

 exceedingly beautiful double star (5i, 6^ magnitudes), the 

 components being li ' apart. 



Uranus is an evening star, but owing to Ha great southern 

 declination is not well situated for observation. On the 

 1st he rises at Gh. 5m. p.m., with a southern declination of 

 17° 56', and an apparent diameter of 3-8". On the 30th 

 he rises at 4h. 6m. p.m., with a southern declination of 

 17° 41'. During the month he describes a very short 

 retrograde path in Libra, without approaching any naked- 

 eye star. 



There are no well-marked showers of shooting stars in 

 June. 



The Moon enters her last quarter at 8h. 2m. a.m. on 

 the 3rd ; is new at 8h. 43m. a.m. on the 11th ; enters her 

 first quarter at llh. 41m. a.m. on the 18th ; and is full at 

 Gh. 53m. A.M. on the 25th. She is in apogee at 8h. a.m. 

 on the 5th (distance from the Earth, 251,430 miles), and 

 in perigee at 4h. p.m. on the 20th (distance from the 

 Earth, 229,000 miles). 



CEIjrss Column. 



By C. D. LocooK, B.A.Oxon. 



Communications for this column should be addressed to 

 C. D. LococK, Burwash, Sussex, and posted on or before 

 the 10th of each month. 



Solutions of May Problems. 

 (A. C. Challenger.) 



No. 1. 

 1. Kt to K4, and mates next move. 



No. 2. 



Key-move. — 1. Kt to Kt4. 



If 1. ... K to K6, 2. Kt to B-2ch, etc. 



1. . . . PxP, 2. KtxPch, etc. 



1. . . . Kt to Q7, 2. Q to Q5ch, etc. 



1. . . . Kt (or P) to K6, 2. Q to K5ch, etc. 



1. . . . K to B4, etc. 2. Kt to B2, etc. 



Correct Solutions of both problems received from II. S. 

 Brandreth, H. S. Quilter, G. A. F. (Brentwood 1, Alpha, 

 and W. Willby. Of No. 1 only, from A. E. Whitehouse, 

 J. W. Bilbrough, J. MRobert, and A. S. Coulter. 



Solutions received too late for acknowledgment from 

 J. M'Robert (two-mover in March Number), and O. A. F. 

 (Brentwood), (April problem). 



,/. II'. liilhrowih. — Have you considered the defences — 

 1. ... PxP, and 1. . . . PtoKG-.' 



A. O. lu'lloici. — Many thanks. 



O. G. Bnnlei/.—K 1. Kt to Kt4, B to BG is the defence. 



JL H. Q. — " Meminisse juvat." 



II'. WiUhtj. — We quite agree with your criticism. 



A. Ih(iiii>us {LotKililionniijIi). — Please send full address. 

 The names of some correspondents who wrote in reply to 

 your challenge were forwarded to you, and returned through 

 the dead-letter ollice. 



ir. ./. .i.v/i«/o»«.^Many thanks ; just too late for this 

 month. 



