ANATOMICAL NOMENCLATURE. 



129 



not proved, and it is possible that the male sometimes applies the genital 



bulbs to the sexual aperture, and thus charges them with the 



rans er f er ^jij zm g nu id ; a f ac t which Menge seems to suspect may be 



the case with Lycosa rurestris. 1 That this transfer is so seldom 



observed, and by so few persons, will not excite wonder on the part of one 



who has devoted much time to the study of the habits of these reticent 



creatures, and who knows the difficulty of obtaining a complete observation 



of even the most common of its habits. Possibly the extrusion of the 



sperma by the male upon the little silken receptacle from which it is 



absorbed into the palps takes place very rapidly ; or it may be done long 



before the act of fertilization ; perhaps, as Thorell suggests, immediately 



after the last change of the skin. 



The Cymbium is that part of the modified digital joint of the male 



spider's palpus upon which is placed the copulatory apparatus which it 



sustains. In many species of Orbweavers it covers one side of 



Sum. the di S ital > ha v in g 

 the appearance of the 



half of a seed husk, or shell of 

 grain, and is covered more or 

 less thickly with hairs and 

 bristles. (See Fig. 98, cym.) 

 The alveolus (alv) is the 

 concavity in the cymbium 

 within which is located the 

 copulatory apparatus proper. 

 Its form depends upon the 

 structure of the cymbium, with 

 certain spiders occu- 



rec.se m. 



Alveolus. 



r.ihaent. 



alv 



. * 1 ] f J.1 Wr'lllAO//L . 



r " FIG. 98. Digital joint of palp of a male spider (after Wagner), 



face, in which Case the Cym- schematic longitudinal section of the cymbium with the copu- 



i -i ,-1 * latory apparatus drawn out; emb, embolus; teg, tegulum ; 



I a Canoe. mea -gajli meati sanguin j S) min ute ducts for conducting blood 



With Others it is Smaller, as from the hsematodocha (htem) into the receptaculum semi- 



. , ~ j, , nis, rec.sem ; the arrows indicate the course of the blood; 



With begestria, tor example; gla.cl, glandular cells ; alv, the alveolus or hollow of the cym- 



with others again larger and bium in which the apparatus rests, 

 occupying the whole surface of the cymbium. The simpler the structure 

 of the apparatus the less is the alveolus in circumference and depth, and 

 vice versa. The more complicated is the apparatus the more space it 

 embraces in every sense. 



The alveolus serves as a seat for the Ha3inatodocha (haem), a follicule 

 placed in the form of a spiral, and intended with some spiders to serve 

 as a seat for the copulatory apparatus itself. The alveolus has no inde- 

 pendent significance ; its form and size in its development are dependent 



1 Lebensweise d. Arach., page 43. 



