140 AMERICAN SPIDERS AND THEIR SPINNINGWORK. 



annulated, strongly armed with hairs, bristles, and spines. Tibia-II is not specially thick- 

 ened or provided with the clasping spines, but is well armored with long black spines. The 

 palpal digit is shown at Plate I., Fig. lib. It may be readily distinguished from those of E. 

 cornuta-strix and E. sclopetaria by the absence of the long bifid crablike claw near the base. 

 DISTRIBUTION: Epeira patagiata is one of the earliest known species, having been 

 described in the last century by Clerck, the Swedish pioneer in Arachnology. It is widely 

 extended over Europe, and is one of the Syrian spiders collected in the Holy Land by Mr. 

 Cambridge. Its distribution in our own country is quite general. I have collected it 

 throughout the Eastern United States as far to the northeast as Massachusetts, and in the 

 northwest at Portland, Oregon. The collection of Dr. Marx notes it as far south as Vir- 

 ginia, and to the northeast at Fort Simmo, Labrador. I have not found it abundant around 

 Philadelphia. Along the northern boundary of the United States it has been collected on 

 Lake Superior, in Michigan, in Montana, at Fort Yukon and Sitka in Alaska, and Fort Kavu- 

 nah, in the Aleutian Islands. I have numerous specimens from Utah, collected by Professor 

 Orson Howard, and numbers from California by Mr. Curtis. It is probable, therefore, that 

 the spider has made the entire circuit of the world, and may be found in almost every 

 country of the northern hemisphere. In this respect it is certainly entitled to a remarka- 

 ble position among our spider fauna, but perhaps other species might share this distinc- 

 tion of cosmopolitan distribution had they been collected as diligently as Patagiata. 



No. 3. Epeira cornuta (CLERCK). Plate I., Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11. 



1757. Araneug cornulus, CLERCK .... Sv. Spindl., p. 39, pi. 1, tab. 2. 



1805. Epeira apoclisa, WALCKENAER . . Tab. d. Araign., p. 16 (in part). 



1835. Epeira arundinacea, KOCH .... Herr.-Schaeff., Deutchl. Ins., 131, 18-20. 



1837. Epeira apoclisa, HAHN Die Arach., ii., p. 30, pi. 48, Fig. 116. 



1845. Epeira arundinacea, KOCH .... Id., xi., p. 109, pi. 385, Fig. 913. 



1845. Epeira foliata, KOCH Die Arach., xi., p. 119, Figs. 920, 921. 



1851. Epeira cornuta, WESTRING .... Enum. Aran., p. 34, p. 21. 



1855. Epeira cornuta, THORELL .... Recensio Critica, p. 21. 



1864. Epeira foliata, KEYSERLING . . . Beschr. n. Orbitel. Sitz. d. Dresden, p. 92, pi. 7, 



Figs. 10, 11. 



1866. Epeira cornuta, MENGE Preuss. Spinn., i., p. 58, pi. 8, tab. 8. 



1870. Epeira cornuta, THORELL .... Syn. Europ. Spid., p. 15. 



VARIETY: Epeira cornuta-strix HENTZ. 



1837. Epeira apoclit>a-americana,WAiK., Ins. Apt., ii., p. 61. 



1837. Epeira fuliosa, WALCKENAER . . . Ins. Apt, ii., p. 68; ABBOT'S Ga. Sp. Mss., No. 39. 



1846. Epeira affinis, BLACKWALI. .... Spid. from Canada, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., 



xviii., 77. 



1847. Epeira strix, HESTZ J. B. S., v., p. 473; Sp. U. S., 112, xiii., 5. 



1869. Epeira apoclisn, GIEBEI, Spinn. a Illinois. Zeitschr. f. Ges. Xaturwiss, 



xxxiii., p. 249. 



1884. Epeira strix, EMERTON N. Engl. Ep., 305 ; xxxiii., 5 ; xxxv., 12. 



1889. Epeira strix, McCooK Am. Spid. and their Spinningwork. 



1889. Epeira cornuta, MARX Catalogue, p. 544. 



FEMALE: Total length, 12 mm.; cephalothorax, 6 mm. long, 5 mm. wide; abdomen, 7 

 mm. long by 5.5 mm. wide. I have classified Hentz's Eperia strix as a variety of E. cornuta, 

 after comparing the former with specimens of the latter. Of these, one was furnished by 

 Professor Waldemar Wagner, from Moscow, Russia, and the other by Mr. Thomas Work- 

 man, from Ireland. Both of these examples differ from Strix in that the more roundly 

 arched abdomen is diminished backward more decidedly than Strix. Strix is slightly flat- 

 tened upon the dorjum of the abdomen, and the sides are carried from the base to tlu> 

 apex with very little diminution in width, making an almost even oval in outline. The 



