188 



AMERICAN SPIDERS AND THEIR SPINNIKGWORK. 



No. 45. Epeira silvatica KMERTON. Plate X, Fig. 9; PI. XI, Fig. 9. 



1884. Epeira silvatica, EMERTON . . . . N. E. Ep., p. 30, xxxiii., 13. 



1892. Epeira silvatica, KEVSERLING . . . Spinn. Amerik., p. 117, tab. vi., 86. 



FEMALE: Total length, 14.5 mm.; abdomen, 8.8 mm. long, 7.5 mm. wide; cephalo- 

 thorax, 7 mm. long, 5.7 mm. wide; face, 2.9 mm. wide. 



CEPHALOTHORAX : Corselet moderately arched; median fosse large; cephalic suture dis- 

 tinct; mouth parts, palps, legs, and sternum dark reddish brown, and well covered with 

 white hairs. 



EYES : Ocular quad elevated ; front about as wide as sides, and a little wider than 

 rear ; MF separated by about 1.75 diameter ; MR somewhat smaller, and separated by about 

 their diameter; side eyes not contiguous; on tubercles; SF a little smaller than SR, and 

 removed from MF by about 1.75 area of latter. Front eye row slightly, rear row distinctly, 

 procurved; clypeus about 2 MF high. 



LEGS: 1, 2, 4, 3, as follows: 24.4 mm., 22.3 mm., 21.6 mm., 14.5 mm.; with both 

 median and distal brown annuli; stout; metatarei-I, II, III, shorter than their tibife; well 

 armored with hairs and bristles, and yellowish white spines, with brown bases. 



ABDOMEN: Ovate; with conical shoulder humps; the dorsum arched to the distal 

 spinnerets; ground color yellow, densely covered with small brown lines and spots; folium 

 indented at the margin, wide in front, narrowing to the apex, color brown, with slashes of 

 black or blackish. On the basal front is a median yellowish spot ; the sides are streaked 

 with brown undulating bands inclined towards the spinnerets. The venter is covered with 

 whitish hairs ; is brown, with two indistinct small light bands bent towards each other. 

 The pubescence, which is very dense upon the whole abdomen, consists of whitish bristles 

 with dark base, and shorter ones, mostly curved, brown at the base and yellowish at the tip. 



DISTRIBUTION: New England, New York in the Adirondacks and central parts, Penn- 

 sylvania, Eastern Ohio; Dr. Marx reports it at Washington, D. C., Colorado, and Fort 

 Yukon, Alaska. It may be distinguished with some degree of accuracy from E. angulata 

 by the form of the ocular quad, which is relatively higher and less narrowed behind ; the 

 difference between MF and MR in size is also less pronounced ; moreover, the epigynum is 

 relatively wider at the base, longer, narrower, and more attenuated, terminating in a slightly 

 hollowed tip. Emerton's description is not satisfactory ; he makes no mention of the eyes, 

 and presents no figure thereof; his drawing of the epigynum does not appear to be accu- 

 rate, at least I am not able to find any specimens marked as figured by him ; in the absence 

 of a typical specimen one is therefore unable to sharply indicate distinctive characteristics. 



No. 46. Epeira diademata (CLERCK). 



Plate X, Fig. 10 ; PI. XI, Figs. 10, 11. 



1678. Araneus rufus cruciger, LISTER , 



1757. Aranews diadtmatus, CLERCK . . 



1778. Aranea cruciger, DE GEEK . . 



1793. " Crown spider," MARTYN . . , 



1802. Aranea Myagria, WALCKENAER 



1806. Epeira diadema, WALCKENAEK 



1830. Epeira diadema, SUNDEVALL . 



1834. Epeira diadema, HAIIN . . . 



1837. Epeira diadema, WALCKENAER 



1850. Epeira diadema, KOCH . . . 



1861. Aranea diadema, LINNAEUS . 



1861. Epeira diademata, WESTRINI; . 



1864. Epeira diadema, BLACKWALL 



1 869. Epeira diademata, TIIOREI.L . 



1889. Epeira diademata, McCooK . 



De Aran. Angl., p. 28, tit. 2, Fig. 2. 



Aran. Suec., p. 25, No. 2, pi. 1, Fig. 4; Araneus 

 Peleg, ib., pi. 1, Fig. 5, p. 27. 



Mem. Hist. Ins., t. 7, p. 218, No. 1, pi. ii., f. 3, 6, 7. 



Aranei, pi. 2, Fig. 5. 



Faune Parisienne, t. 2, p. 193, No. 8 ; ibid., A. dia- 

 dema, p. 193, 9. 



AraneMes de France, pi. 10, Fig. 3. 



Svenska Spindlarness, p. 235, No. 2. 



Die Arach., ii., 22, pi. 45, f. 110. 



Ins. Apt, ii., p. 29. 



Die Arach., xi., 103, t. 384, f. 910. 



Fauna Suecica, ed. 2, 1993. 



Aranese Svecicse, p. 26. 



Sp. Gt. B. & I., ii., p. 358, pi. 2li, Fig. 258. 



Europ. Spiders, p. 53. 



Araer. Spid. and their Spinningvvork. 



