236 AMERICAN SPIDERS AND THEIR SPINNINGWORK. 



No. 88. Cyrtophora tuberculata KEYSERLING. Plate XVII, Fig. 11. 



1889. Cyrtophora tuberculata, MARX in I'M. . Catalogue, p. 549. (KEYSKRLING in lift.) 

 1893. Cyrtophora tuberculata, KEYSERLINQ . Spinn. Amerikas, Epeir., p. 265, xiv., 197. 



FEMALE: Total length, 3 mm.; cephalothorax, 1.4 mm. long, middle width 1 mm., 

 front width 0.7 mm. ; abdomen, 1.9 mm. long, 1.4 mm. broad. 



CEPHALOTHORAX : One-third longer than broad, in front two-thirds as broad as in the 

 middle ; corselet grooves deep ; median fosse feeble or wanting ; sternum triangular, a little 

 longer than broad. The labium rounded at the tip, low, being twice as broad as long, and 

 not quite half as long as the maxillae, which are as long as, or slightly longer, than broad, 

 in front a little broader and truncate. Color of corselet yellow; sternum and mouth parts 

 spotted brown. 



EYES: Ocular quad longer than broad, and narrow behind (Fig. lie); MF separated 

 by about one diameter, and a little further removed from MR, which are smaller and con- 

 tingent; MF are distant from SF by little more than the space between themselves. The 

 side eyes are as widely separated as MF, more widely separated than MR, and about as far 

 apart as SF and MF; they are on separate elevations. The clypeus is low, about as high 

 as half the diameter of MF. Both eye rows are about equally and moderately recurved, 

 and differ little in length, the rear row being slightly longer. 



LEGS: 1, 2, 4, 3, as follows: 5.2, 4.4, 3.3, and 2.4 mm. They are sparsely pubescent, 

 with a few isolated spines on the upper sides of the joints; color yellow, with brown 

 annuli. The palps are similarly marked. The mandibles are longer than the patella, and 

 as thick as femur-I. 



ABDOMEN: One-fourth longer than broad, rounded at the base, attenuated towards the 

 spinnerets, giving the dorsum a shieldlike shape. Two roundish tubercles are situated upon 

 the shoulders, two smaller ones, more closely approximated, near the middle region on 

 either side of the median band. (Fig. lib.) The dorsum is arched ; reticulated ; the color 

 white, but marked at the base, apex, and sides with blackish spots. The dorsal pattern is 

 a rather broad, irregular, scalloped, whitish band passing down the median line, widened 

 into a narrow shape on the apical part, beyond the posterior tubercles. On either margin of 

 this median band are broad irregular margins of black or blackish. The venter is dark, with 

 a white spot in the middle ; the epigynum (Fig. lla) a flaplike atriolum, without a scapus. 



DISTRIBUTION: Florida. The description has been made from two female specimens in 

 the collection of Dr. George Marx. 



GENUS ZILLA, C. KOCH, 1837. 



In Zilla the cephalothorax is constructed substantially as in Epeira, rather small 

 and weak, but is little pubescent ; it is moderately convex, the cephalic part, in females at 

 least, sufficiently large. The siderear eyes are separated from the midrear eyes by a space 

 not greater, or, in the male, but little greater, than that between the midfront and midrear 

 eyes. The midfront eyes are removed from the sidefront by a space not greater than that 

 which divides themselves. The midfront eyes are a little larger than the midrear as a rule. 

 The rear row of eyes (seen from above) is nearly aligned or slightly recurved. The face 

 does not project beyond the margin of the mandibles. The sternum, mandibles, and 

 maxillae are formed as in Epeira. The palps in the male are tolerably long, the humeral 

 joint being either equal to or but little longer than the patella of the first pair of legs. 

 The legs, unlike Epeira, are provided with few spines, but are sufficiently armored with 

 hairs and bristles. The femora about the middle have only one to two spines, and, 

 as in many species of Epeira, about the apex itself are two to three spines. Abdomen 

 is a short oval, subelliptical, depressed, sufficiently pubescent, and with a slight silvery 

 lustre. The dorsal area is marked, as in many Epeira, with a folium included within a 

 sinuate margin. The snare is a vertical orb, with an open sector above the median, by 

 which the viscid spirals are looped backward and forward across the radii. (See Vol. I., 

 page 140.) Through the open sector a trapline connects the centre of the web with a bell 



