260 AMERICAN SPIDERS AND THEIR SPINNINGWORK. 



of the cephalothorax ; thickest at the apex, arched about the middle, and tapering some- 

 what to the base ; almost straight upon the exterior margin. Teeth numbering about eight, 

 of nearly equal length, but the two middle ones slightly longer. The fang with a slight 

 tooth on the exterior side near the base. 



ABDOMEN : Cylindrical, longer than wide, in many species straight along the dorsum, 

 in others arched (3a) slightly, tapering at the apex, which slightly overhangs the spin- 

 nerets; the base overhangs the cephalothorax, is somewhat narrowed, and bifid. The dorsal 

 folium is yellowish brown, traversed by a broad, irregular median line of cretaceous yellow ; 

 it occupies the whole of the dorsum, and is margined by an indented band of cretaceous 

 yellow, extending downward along the side. This band is sometimes whitish, inclined to 

 silver, and sometimes shaded by a line of black. Beneath it, on the side, is a band of 

 brown, extending to the venter, whose pattern is a broad, brown median ribbon, margined 

 on either side by a strip of cretaceous yellow. In some individuals (Fig. 3) the folium is 

 not so strongly marked as in the above, Fig. 5. The epigynum (5c) is a simple cleft, with 

 an arched hood. 



MALE : (Figs. 4 and 5x.) 7 mm. long ; colored and marked generally as the female. 

 Both rows of eyes are distinctly procurved, the head well elevated; the jaws (Fig. 4a) 

 longer, relatively, than those of the female, are strongly bent outward, cylindrical, somewhat 

 compressed at the base; on the upper and inner surface is a long spur (4b), slightly bifid; 

 one of the teeth, nearly midway of the furrow, is especially prominent (4a) ; the fang is 

 long and evenly curved, extending as far as the maxillae (5d) ; of the palps (Figs, y and 

 4c), the radial joint is about one-third longer than the cubital. 



DISTRIBUTION : This spider appears to be distributed throughout the United States. I 

 have it from California (Mr. Curtis, Mrs. Smith, Mrs. Eigenmann), from British Columbia, 

 and have collected it from Canada and New England southward to Florida. Thorell 

 describes it from Labrador. It is one of our cosmopolitan species, being distributed widely 

 through Europe, and perhaps other continents. 



No. 107. Tetragnatha elongata WALCKENAER. Plate XXV, Figg. l, 2. 



1805. Tetragnatha elongata, WALCKENAER . . . Tabl. des Araneides, p. 69, No. 2. 



1837. Tetragnatha grallator, HENTZ J. B. 8., vi., p. 26. 



1841. Tetragnatha elongala, WALCKENAER . . . Ins. Apt, ii., p. 211 ; ABBOT, G. S., No. 216. 1 



1864. Tetragnatha flmiatilis (?), KEYSERLING. . Orbitel., Verb. Ges. Wien, 852, xxi., 10. 



1865. Tetragnatha grallator, KEYSERLING . . . Ibid., p. 850, xxi., 24-27. 

 1875. Tetragnatha grallator, HENTZ Sp. U. S., p. 131, xv., 1, 2. 



1877. Telragnatha elongata, THORELL Aranese Collected in Colorado, p. 477. 



1879. Tetragnatha Illinouengis (?), KEYSERLING, N. Spinn. Amer., i., 318, iv., 18. 



1884. Tetragnatha grallator, EMERTON . . . . N. E. Ep., p. 334, xxxix., 1-6. 



T1889. Tetragnatha elongata, McCooK Amer. Spiders and their Spinningwork. 



1889. Tetragnatha elongata, MARX Catalogue, p. 552. 



1893. Tetragnatha grallator, BANKS Jour. N. Y. Entom. Soc., i., 131. 



FEMALE: Total length, 12 mm., including the outstretched mandibles, 14 mm.; abdo- 

 men, 9.5 to 10 mm. long at the base, 3 mm. wide, tapering to 1.5 mm. at the apex ; 

 cephalothorax, 2.5 mm. long by 1.7 mm. wide. This spider grows to even larger size in 

 some of the running waters and ponds of our country, near which it makes its home, 

 frequently spinning its horizontal web above the surface of the water. Its general colors 

 for the fore part are brown, or yellowish brown, and for the abdomen yellow, with brown 

 markings, which (particularly in alcohol) assume a metallic golden lustre. 



CEPHALOTHORAX : A long oval, truncated at the base ; fosse deep ; corselet grooves 

 indistinct ; cephalic suture marked ; the head wide, and but little tapering to the face ; color 



1 Abbot appears to have drawn, and Walckenaer to have described, this species under several names. 

 I consider as identical with T. elongata, not only the above (T. fulva), but T. fimbriata (page 213), Q. S., 

 Nos. 461, 481, and T. violacea (page 218), No. 446. 



