144 



ANATOMICAL TECHNOLOGY. 



erad. A more convenient, but less safe way for beginners, is to 



employ scissors as shown in Fig. 40. It is 

 sometimes desirable also to cut the Ffrom 

 apex to base as shown in Pig. 42. Enlarge 

 the opening in the vessel by inserting the 

 probe wet with 15 per cent, glycerin. 



357. Ligatures. While the probe is 

 still in the vessel, with the fine forceps 

 grasp the middle of a thread 30-40 cm. 

 long and push the loop through entad of 

 the vessel, and at a point centrad of the 

 incision (Fig. 40). The loop may then be 

 grasped by the fingers or forceps and 

 drawn through as far as desired. 



Instead of pushing the thread through 

 as directed above, one may put the forceps 

 entad of the vessel first and grasp the loop 

 and pull it through. Bernard, A, 263. 



When the thread is through as far as 

 desired, cut the loop. The thread nearest 

 the incision is for tying the canula in the 

 vessel ; the other is for ligaturing the ves- 

 sel when the injection is finished. Both 

 threads should be loosely tied in a sur- 

 geon's knot (Fig. 41), so that they may 

 be quickly tightened. 



358. Introduction of the Canula. 

 When the threads are prepared, remove 

 the probe from the vessel, select a canula 

 of the proper size, that is, as large as can 

 be put into the vessel, and make sure that 

 it is open by blowing into it or forcing 

 water through it with the syringe. Hav- 

 ing wet its small end, put it into the ves- 

 sel so that the injection will be centrad. 

 To insert the canula, grasp one edge of 

 the V-shaped incision with the fine for- 

 ceps and pull it open. Now introduce 



the canula and push gently with a slight twisting motion. At the 

 same time pull with an equal force in the opposite direction with the 



FIG. 40. INCISIONS AND PREP- 

 ARATION FOR LIGATURING ; 

 x.5. 



FIG. 41. DOUBLE LIGATURE ; 

 xl. 



