THE VAGUS AND SYMPATHIC NERVES. 393 



simus (Fig. 67, 635). M. msstr., M. massetericus. N. splnch. minor, N. splanch- 

 nicus minor (Fig. 103, 1044). N. splnch. major, N. splanchnicus major, (Fig. 103, 

 tj 1044) Both splanchnic nerves are seen to join the semilunar ganglion (gng. smln.). 

 N. gstr. vnt., N. gastricus ventralis The ventral gastric nerve ; it is formed partly by 

 the right and partly by the left vagus, as is also the following (see Fig. 103, 1040). 

 N. gstr. dor., N. gastricus dorsalis The dorsal gastric nerve ( 1041); a large branch 

 (ramus cm.) is seen to unite this with the semilunar ganglion (gng. smln.). N. phrn., N. 

 phrenicus (Fig. 105, N. phrn.). N. sym., N. sympathicus The sympathic nerve in 

 the thorax ( 1043). N. 1. r., N. laryngeus recurrens The recurrent laryngeal of the 

 left side winding around the aorta (see Fig. 108 and 1038). N. crd., N. cardiacus The 

 lesser cardiac nerve from the sympathic (Fig. 109). NN. thr. (2 and 4), NN. thoracici 

 (5 et 6) The 5th and 6th thoracic nerves ; each receives a branch from the sympathic 

 (Fig. 109, 1042). N. crv. (6th), N. cervicalis (6th). N. crv. (5th), N. cervicalis (5th) 

 The phrenic nerve is seen to arise from this and the preceding (see also Fig, 105, 1019). 

 N. vagus (x), (Fig. 103, 562, 1030) The vagus and sympathic appear as a single trunk 

 in the neck, but are easily separated, especially at their ganglia by the bulla (B.) and near 

 the 1st rib. N. sym., N. sympathicus s. N. sympatheticus The great sympathic or 

 sympathetic nerve with its ganglia on the left side (Fig. 103, g 1042). N. 1. sup., N. 

 laryngeus superior ( 1038). N. hpgls., N. hypoglossus (Fig. 104, 562, 1033, Plate 

 II, Chapter X). N. ac., N. accessorius (spinalis xi), (Fig. 104, Plate II, Chapter X, 

 g 562, 1035). N. gph., N. glossopharyngeus, ix (Plate II, g 562, 1034, Chapter X). N. 

 aur. mg., N. auricularis magnus (Fig. 87). CEs., (Esophagus (Fig. 109, 801). Pcv., 

 Postcava (Fig. 101, 955). Ramus cm., N. ramus communicans The nerve putting 

 into communication the gastric branch of the vagus and the semilunar ganglion. Rx. 

 pirn., Radix pulmonalis The root of the left lung Stomachus (Fig. 79, 735). Trch., 

 Trachea (Fig. 88, 799). V. rn., V. renalis (Fig. 101, 959). V. m. s., V. mesenterica 

 superior ( 949) The branch entering theF". m. s. as it crosses the A. m. s. is the V. mesen- 

 terica inferior ( 950). V. r.drn.-lumb., V. adreno-lumbalis (Fig. 103, 958). V. az., 

 V. azygos (Fig. 91, 107, 920). V. plm., V. pulmonalis One of the pulmonary veins 

 just before entering the left curicle (Fig. 91). V. brcph. sin., V. brachio-cephalica sin- 

 istra ( 922). 



Fig. 107, A. The sympathic of the two sides in the sacral and part of the coccygeal 

 regions, showing the fusion or close connection of the ganglia and their connection with 

 the myelencephalic nerves ; x about 3. 



Preparation of Fig. 107, A. The ventral half of the pelvic, girdle ( 455) was cut 

 away with nippers, and then all the pelvic viscera were removed. The sympathic nerves 

 were found resting on the lumbar vertebrae by divaricating the psoas muscles. The nerves 

 were carefully traced to the sacral and coccygeal region, and their anastomoses with the 

 spinal nerves and the fusion of the ganglia were exposed by removing muscle, connective 

 tissue and the middle sacral artery with fine forceps, scissors and tracer, using also the 

 tripod magnifier whenever the branches became so small as to be in danger of inj ury from 

 not being distinctly seen. 



Explanation of Fig. 107, A. Anst. Anastomosis of the two ganglia. Gng. (gan- 

 glion) impar A single ganglion formed by the fusion of those of the two sides ; in the 

 one just cephalad the ganglia are not completely fused, but connected by anastomosing 

 fibers. Gng. (ganglion) impar (ist) The 1st fused ganglion of the sympathic; it is 

 opposite the 2d sacral vertebra ( 458). N. myen., N. myelencephalicus Four myelen- 

 cephalic or cerebro spinal nerves with their anastomosing branches from the sympathic. 

 N. sym., N. sympathicus The nerves of the two sides approaching each other on the 

 sacrum. 



