THE sjKULI.. 



25 



hinder and inner walls of the 

 orbit. Here also is the tri- 

 geminal foramen (Fig. n //") 

 through which the 3 . t rigerninv.* 

 and the several nerves for 

 the muscles of the eye pass ; 

 it represents the foramen ocaie, 

 for. rotundv.m, and the faw.ra 

 orlltaHs superior (sphenoidal 

 fissure) of the human sphenoid 

 bone. The foramen is some- 

 times, especially in young 

 animals, only a notch, which is 

 completed by cartilage. On 

 account of the relation of this 

 part (Fig. n _//) of the bone 

 to the nerves which pierce 

 it, the whole bone has been 

 named by Stannius the ala 

 1/iagna or temporally of the 

 sphenoid ; it has been also 

 looked upon as a bone which 

 contains these elements, as hy 

 Duges, who on this account 

 calls it rupeo-ptereal. 





Skull of haii'.i ---ii from below, twice 



natural size. 



c Cartilaginous wall of sknlL 

 c Sphenethmoid. 

 e 7 Cartilaginous nasal skeleton. 

 A' Stylo-hyoid. 

 i Preinaxillary. 

 m if axillary. 

 m' Quadrate tract, 

 o Exoccipital. 

 p Prootie. 

 ;/ Anterior arm of pro->tic. 



Trigeminal foramen. 

 // Palatine. 



lit Anterior arm of pteryz-'H. 

 ytf Posterior ann of ptery:.-. >ii.I. 

 / Parasphenoid. 

 <f v Vomer. 



Appendages of the Proof ic Bones. 



1. The styloid cartilage. From the cartilaginous portion of the 

 prootic the styloid cartilage runs downwards, backwards, and 

 inwards, and is continued directly into the anterior cornu of the 

 hyoid bone (Figs. 1 1 // and 1 2 //). 



2. The auditory ossicles. 



a. A thick cartilaginous disc, the operciilum (Fig. 12 a), 

 closes fbeforaatc* ovale. 



6. To the operciih',/1 is attached a bony, club-shaped piece, 

 the colitmeHa ai'.ris (Fig. 12 a'], which has at its inner, thicker 

 end a cartilaginous epiphysis. the interstapedial ; it lies 

 transversely with the apex directed outwards, and this longer 

 portion is the mediostapedial. 



'. To the apex of the mediostapedin] is attached, at an 



