32 



THE BOXES AND JOINTS. 



Origin of the suspensory cartilage 

 (sp) from the skull, with attachment 

 of the pterygoid ; front view. Car- 

 tilage shown by stippling. 

 cpt Cartilaginous epiphyses of the 

 pterygoid bone, from the cartila- 

 ginous suspensorium. 

 j Quadra to-jugal bone. 

 pt Pterygoid bone. 

 sp Origin of suspensorial cartilage 



from the skull. 

 tp' Hinder arm of same. 

 itfi" Anterior arm of same. 



Fig. 19. 



of the nose. 



by a movable joint. Externally the 

 articular head curves somewhat abruptly 

 into the bony substance (Fig. 18 pt] 

 of the pterygoid bone. 



10. The maxillary bones, ossa 

 maxillaria superiora, Cuvier (Figs. 10, 

 n, 17, 19 m]. 



Cuvier, I.e., p. 389, PL XXIV, Figs, i, 2 k k. 

 Duges, n. 4, maxillo-j ugal. Parker 

 and Bettany, I.e., maxillary bones. 



These are elongated, curved bones, 

 narrower behind, broader in front, and 

 forming with the quadrato-jugals the 

 bony support of the 

 face. The superior 

 surface is convex and 

 directed outwards, the 

 inferior surface is 

 grooved and bears 

 teeth along the outer 

 edge of this groove. 

 From the upper and 

 inner border of 

 anterior half of 

 bone a process 

 cessns fronlalls] passes 

 upwards, which articu- 

 lates with the nasal 

 bone. The anterior ex- 

 tremity of the bone 

 articulates with the 

 premaxillary bone, the 

 posterior with the quad- 

 rato-jugal. 



The maxillary bone 

 articulates at its an- 

 terior end (Fig-. 19 n"] 

 with a process of the 

 cartilaginous capsule 

 The broad plate of cartilage (Fig. 19 ?/), under 



the 

 this 



Cartilaginous skull of Rana esculenta, from below, t\vk-e 

 natural size. Cartilage shown by stippling. 



