MIX !.!> nK THE TKUXK. 



71 



Fig- 65. 



wards and slightly backwards, towards the outer border of the 

 at. rictus; there they pass into a tendon which, for the most part, 

 runs on the upper surface of the reef us to the Unea alha. 



II. Muse LLS OK THE BACK. 



The muscles of the back are covered by a fascia, the fascia dor- 

 salis (Fig. 66fd\ attached to the spinous processes of the vertebrae. 

 Anteriorly, where it covers the m. te/itporalis, it is attached to the 

 frontoparietal and squamosal bones, posteriorly to the superior border 

 of the iliac bones and the extremity of the urostyle. The posterior part, 

 which covers the origins of the 

 . iif/i-mnnis dor si, of the m. 

 coccygeo-iliacuSy and of the 

 cocct/geo-liimlaris. is especially 

 strong. From the anterior 

 part several muscles arise la- 

 terally, viz. a portion of the 

 in. ofjliqini-s abdominals exft-r- 

 nns, of the m. latissimtu dorsi, 

 and of the m. depressor aaxillae 

 inferioris. In the uppermost 

 layer, immediately covered by 

 ti\e fascia dorsalis, lie the ///. 

 cii.ciiHaris, the m. retra/ien* 

 scapulae, the ///. latissunns 

 ilorsi arising from the fascia h 

 itself, and the scapula with ' 

 its muscles; then come the " 

 long muscles of the back ; and 0{ 

 in the third and deepest layer 

 the short muscles of the back. 



The individual muscles are as follows : 



M. obiiquus intemos, showing its attachment 



superiorly. 

 Xiphisternum. 

 Oesophagus. 

 M. obliquus internns. 

 Fibres of m. obliq. int., which are inserted into 



the oesophagus. 

 Oi"' Fibres of same, which are attached to coracoid 



and xiphisternum. 

 Pericardium. 

 XL rectus abdominis. 



A. LIMB MI-&-LKS OF THE BACK (for moving the shoulder- 

 girdle and arm). 

 31. M. r-i.n:ii!/ari$ (Fig. 66 c). 



Cuvisr. angularis. Duges, n. 38, sous-occipito adscapidaire. Zenker, 

 levaf'jr tcapulae sublimis. 



In order to see this muscle, it is necessary to separate the fascia 

 tlorsali* from the spines of the vertebrae and to turn it back with 

 the m. depressor maxillae inf. arising from it. It is then seen to 



