

THE CRANIAL NERVES. 169 



leaves the ganglion as the hyomandibular branch, the other gives 

 some fibres to the palatine branch of the trigeminal nerve, and is 

 then continued as the palatine branch of the facial.] 



a. The Ramu* ophthalmicm (Ramus naxalix, Fischer ; Ophthalmic 

 or Orbital Branch, Wyman ; Orbito-nasal or Ophthalmic Xerve, 

 de "Watteville), (Figs, in and 112 Fa). After leaving the Gasse- 

 rian ganglion the nerve is directed forwards parallel to the side of 

 the cranium, between this and the eyeball. It lies beneath the 

 Rectv.s superior, but above all the other muscles of the eyeball and 

 the optic nerve. At the anterior end of the orbit it divides into 

 two branches (e and/) which pass through apertures (Foramen pro 

 rarno nasali) in the cartilage of the sphenethmoid, to reach the nasal 

 cavity, where they lie between the cartilage and mucous membrane. 

 In this position the nerves supply branches to the mucous membrane 

 and then pierce the skull to appear on the surface (Figs, in, 

 112 g,g,g, 114 Fa), the skin of which they supply. The branches 

 inosculate with each other and communicate with the anterior twigs 

 of the Ratint-t rnarUlar'us (Fig. 114 Fc) and with those of the Ramv* 

 palatinw (Fig. 113 Fb). 



In its course through the orbit the Ramn-s ophtJialmicux gives 

 off: 



(1) Near the Gasserian ganglion one, two, or three small branches, 

 which communicate with the trochlear nerve, and may then be 

 traced to the sclerotic of the eyeball ; some of the twigs enter near 

 the optic nerve, others nearer the cornea. They are regarded as 

 Ciliary nerres (Xervi til '.are*). 



(2) A large branch, the palatine nerve (Ra mi'* palatinu*), 

 (Figs, in and 113 Fb. b]. This nerve, after receiving the palatine 

 branch of the facial, descends on the inner border of the Levator 

 lulbi to the mucous membrane of the mouth, to which it gives 

 munerous filaments ; it then runs parallel and near to the median 

 line, lying on the base of the skull ; and near the front of the 

 orbit it divides into three branches. The smallest (a) supplies 

 the Harderian gland (HD) ; the second (b) continues in the course 

 of the original nerve, pierces the vomer, and divides, giving 

 filaments to the mucous membrane in its whole course, while 

 the terminal twigs supply the intermaxillary gland (GY) and the 

 surrounding structures. One of these (f) ascends on the anterior 

 border of the sphenethmoid to the intermaxillary (internasal, 

 Born) space to supply the numerous glands and to inosculate by 

 one or two twigs with the nasal branch (fr) of the trigeminal. 



