THE CRANIAL NERVES. 171 



(2) The Earn uit mandiljidari* (Ramu* maxillaris inferior, Hoff- 

 mann ; Mandibular or Lower Jaw Branch, Wyman ; Inframaxillary, 

 Humphry and de Watteville), (Figs, in, 112, 113, 114, and 115 

 Vd, ?/.*). As far as the outer margin of the eyeball, this nerve 

 runs parallel to and behind the Ramm maxillaris, in which course it 

 supplies branches to the temporal and pterygoid muscles ; it then 

 curves backwards, outwards, and downwards to the under surface 

 of the squarnosal bone, where it supplies a twig to the Depressor 

 maxillae, and then perforates the 31a*#efer : in this manner it 

 reaches the outer surface of the mandible, just behind the insertion 

 of the temporal muscle ; it then courses forwards, under the skin, to 

 the SympkyM rnenti. In this course the nerve gives off numerous 

 branches to the skin and surrounding parts, it also supplies the 

 mylo-hyoid and submental muscles ; one branch (Figs. 1 14 and 

 115 ?/<?) is larger than the rest, and supplies the under surface of 

 the floor of the mouth and lower lip. 



6. The abducens nerve (Xervu* abducem, Ecker and Hoffmann ; 

 included in the trigeminal, "Wyman), (Figs. 1 1 1 and 112 VI). This 

 very slender nerve courses along the inner wall of the cranium from 

 : i^in to the Gasserian ganglion (q. v.) which it joins, and leaves 

 this in contact with the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal 

 nerve : the nerve then bifurcates in the orbit ; the outer branch 

 supplies the Rectn* exteruw, the inner inosculates with small twigs 

 of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal, and then gives off 

 a number of small ciliary nerves, already described, and one special 

 branch to the Retractor 



7. The facial nerve (JV. faciali*, Ecker and Hoffmann ; Faciali* 

 (Portio dura), "Wyman ; Facial or Jugular Nerve, Stannius), (Figs. 

 in, 113. and 114 Te I'll) arises immediately behind the trige- 

 minal, and runs forwards, first in company with the auditory 

 nerve, then alone, to the Gasserian ganglion (q. r.), with which it 

 unites ; it again appears at the posterior angle of the ganglion, 

 and escapes from the cranium in company with, and immediately 

 behind, the Ramux mandibularis of the trigeminal, and divides at 

 once into two branches. 



a. The Ranni* palatinm at once unites with the palatine 

 branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. 

 ^ iedersheim doubts this arrangement, and holds that the two 

 portions arise in common from the Gasserian ganglion; neither 

 has "V\ yman (Rana pipiens) described this branch of the facial. 



