THE CRANIAL NERVES. 173 



Glossopharyngeal of the Vagus, Miiller), (Figs. 102 and 103 X, in, 

 113, 114. and 115 X-) arises in common with the pneumogastric 

 nerve, and quits the skull with it through an opening (Canalis nurd 

 vagi] immediately behind the auditor}' capsule, and at once divides 

 into two branches ; both of which lie under the J/J/. inte-rtran*- 

 -versarii capitis and are covered by the Depressor mandibulae. 



a. The Eamm anterior (Yerbindungsast des Glossopharyngeus, 

 AViedersheini ; Ramm commun'icans, Hoffmann; Uniting Branch, 

 \Vyman; Laryngeal Branch of the Vagus, Volkmann ; Co>/u/tuni- 

 can$ adfacialem, de Watteville), (Figs. 1 1 1, 113, and 1 14 A* 1 ). This 

 nerve curves downwards and forwards around the auditory capsule 

 and beneath the Depressor mandibuli to join the facial nerve, as 

 already described. 



b. The Ramus posterior (X. glouopkaryngev*, TV'iedersheim ; 

 Raiiiu* Uiifjualis, Hoffmann), (Figs, in, 113, and 114 A 2 ). This 

 nerve runs downwards and forwards to the ventral surface of the 

 pharynx, dips underneath the Petrohyoidtus IJ . to appear again, 

 after a short interval, by piercing the Petroliyoidevs II or ///, 

 courses parallel to and behind the anterior conm of the hyoid bone, 

 and thus reaches the floor of the mouth. The nerve then runs 

 forwards in a very sinuous course, close to the median line, and 

 between the Genioliyoideus and Hyoglouu* ; in its course on the 

 floor of the mouth it crosses the hypoglossal nerve. It supplies 

 the petrohyoid muscles, and gives numerous small branches to the 

 mucous membrane of the pharynx (Bamvs pkaryngeu9 t Hoffmann). 



10. The pneumogastric or vagus nerve ( Tayvs; Ramm intestinal i 

 n?rd vayi, Fischer, Hoffmann ; Vagal Trunk, "NVynian ; Vaso- 

 sympathetic, Gaskell), (Figs. 1 1 1, 113, 114, and 115 A" 3 ). This 

 nerve arises in common with the glossopharyngeal ; the two nerves 

 leave the skull together by an opening in the exoccipifal bone 

 [Canalis nerd vayi} ; immediately outside the skull they acquire a 

 ganglionic enlargement (Ganglion condi/loidettm, Ganglion nerd I'ayi}. 

 (Fig. in A'6") ; in this course the glossopharyngeal lies in front of 

 the pneumogastric, which it then leaves. The pneumogastric lies 

 first upon the J7. levator anguli scapulae, then running backwards 

 and downwards along the hinder border of the Petrokyoideut IV 

 it comes to the side of the pharynx ; it is covered by the trapezius, 

 and passes between the hypoglossal nerve and the Aorta axcendem 

 arriving at the Arttria jwlvtoiudu, it gives off its terminal branches. 



