THE UKIXO-GEXITAL SYSTEM. THE 

 ADBEMLS. ETC. 



KK 



THE URINO-GENITAL SYSTEM. 



BY cutting through the meso-rectum the posterior caval vein is 

 seen, as a large vessel, arising by numerous transverse branches from 

 the ventral surfaces of the kidneys 

 and testes (Fig. 214 Cv), lying in 

 the median line between the kid- 

 neys ; by drawing it to one side the 

 dorsal aorta is brought into view 

 (Fig. 214 Ao). The testes are placed 

 on the ventral surface of the kidneys^ 

 and together with the fat-bodies 

 conceal the anterior portions of these 

 organs. The posterior portions of 

 the kidneys are covered by perito- 

 neum only, and may by seen with- 

 out further dissection. The kidnevs 

 lie dorsal to the peritoneum, and have 

 this membrane on their ventral 

 surfaces only; their dorsal sui : 

 are in contact with the lumho- 

 sacral plexus. 



The ureters extend from the 

 anterior border of the eighth verte- 

 bra to the middle of the urostyle. 

 where they terminate by two orifices 

 in the dorsal wall of the cloaca 

 (Fig. 184). 



The testes are entirely surrounded 

 by peritoneum, except a small part 

 (Hihut) of the inner surface, where 

 the vessels and ducts enter. 



The urino-genital organs are arranged in the same manner in 

 the two sexes; the ovaries corresponding in position with the 



bK 



it 

 x 



- - 



i'r 

 IV 



t 



The male urino-genital organs. 

 Aorta. 

 Cloaca. 



Inferior vena cava. 

 Pat-body. , 

 TV 

 Kidi. 



Openings of ureters. 

 Ureter. 

 Renal veins. 



Appearance of ureters on the ven- 

 tral surfaces of kid : 



