20 MILK SURVEY OF THE CITY OF ROCHESTER 



Following the suggestion that the Dominion be divided into zones, 

 the report states : 



"We recommend that based upon present conditions the following maximum 

 spreads be fixed, and made effective December 1, 1917, subject to reduction when 

 conditions warrant: 



British Columbia 5.25c per quart 



Alberta ..'. 5.25c ' 



Saskatchewan and Manitoba 5.25c 



Ontario and Quebec S.OOc ' 



Maritime Provinces S.OOc ' 



In Ottawa, a city of 100,000 population, 75% of the business was shown to be 

 in the hands of one distributing firm, which operates on a spread of 3.25c per quart. 

 This illustrates the advantages to be obtained by the single unit delivery system. 

 * * * The manager of the firm stated that under a single delivery system, he 

 could reduce the "spread" to 3c. 



We recommend that where the Provincial Committee decides that economic 

 waste could be eliminated or reduced by reorganization, such reorganization should 

 be carried out by three competent men as local commissioners, selected by and 

 coming under the approval of the proper authorities; one representing producers; 

 one representing distributers ; one representing consumers. The local commission 

 thus constituted should proceed to reorganize and consolidate the milk business." 



The following plan is suggested for the reorganization and consolidation : 



"1. The most efficient plants and equipment should be selected; 

 2. The property comprised in the consolidation should be appraised by two 

 valuators, one appointed by the Food Controller, and one appointed by the owner. 



The results of such proposed reorganization would be: 



(1) A reduction in price to consumers; 



(2) One management, one bookkeeping system, reduction in overhead charges, 

 release of a large number of men; 



(3) Saving in charges for supplies in large quantities, including producers' 

 supplies ; 



(4) More sanitary quality of milk; * 



(5) A great saving in heavy expenditures for the prevention of the spread of 

 tuberculosis resulting from the absolute prohibition of the sale of milk from cows 

 that have not been tested and found free from tuberculosis, unless it was safe- 

 guarded by pasteurization ; 



(6) Infant mortality would be reduced; 



(7) Typhoid and other preventable diseases would be reduced; 



(8) Inspection and control of the milk supply by municipal authorities greatly 

 facilitated." 



1919, New York State. (Report submitted to the Legislature of 

 New York State at Albany, April 18, 1919, under the title : "Preliminary 

 Report of the Council of Farms and Markets of its Investigation of the 

 Cost of Production and Distribution of Milk in New York State." W. A. 

 Dana, Chairman.) 



Methods of enquiry included : Public hearings of witnesses repre- 

 senting producers and dealers; examination of dealers' books by cost 

 accountants ; questionnaires addressed to producers and dealers. 



