MILK SURVEY OF THE CITY OF ROCHESTER IS 



in New York, but in every city of the State, to the end that the expense thereof be 

 reduced to a minimum * * * The dairymen of the State, ignoring and dis- 

 regarding the law has so organized as to protect his own interests * * * Those 

 who contend that these matters had best be regulated by the law of supply and 

 demand pay no heed to the evident situation that the law of supply and demand 

 has absolutely ceased to operate. 



" THE MILK TRUST " 



"There is no milk trust controlling the purchase and sale of market milk in the 

 City of Buffalo. There is none in Rochester; there is none in Syracuse; there is 

 none in Utica; there is none in Albany; nor in any city between Albany and New 

 York, nor in any town or village of the State. There is no milk trust controlling 

 the purchase and sale of milk in the City of New York. Instead there is sharp and 

 bitter competition, so far as the records of this Committee discloses, in each and 

 every one of the places. There are four stations in many places where one could 

 collect the milk. There are four outfits of station managers and employees in 

 many places where one could do the work. Every intelligent person who has ever 

 discussed the question concedes that there are four horses and wagons, four or five 

 or six groups of solicitors ; four or five or six separate organizations and overhead 

 charges duplicating work that one of each could well perform. 



"There is too much capital already invested in the business * * * Here, then 

 is the waste and the loss * * * Instead of introducing more expensive com- 

 petitors in the field to waste more money of the consumer, the State should endeavor 

 by judicious legislation, to permit the elimination of all unnecessary investments 

 both of labor and capital and effectively control the business operations of the 

 remainder." 



1917, Berkeley, Cal. (University of California, College of Agricul- 

 ture, Circular No. 175. "Progress Report on the Production and Dis- 

 tribution of Milk," by Elwood Mead.) 



The information in this survey was obtained during the months of 

 June and July, 1917. 



The methods of enquiry consisted in the mailing of questionnaires 

 to producers and dealers, and an inspection of the dealers' milk factories 

 and of dairy farms. 



The subjects of enquiry included: Statistics of the supply (of the 

 cities of San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley, Alameda, and Richmond) ; 

 average daily sales; losses on surplus; dairy farm costs; cost of labor, 

 feed, other farm expense; prices paid to farmer; prices charged con- 

 sumers. 



The conclusions of this survey are : 



"(1) The distributers service at present is badly organized, and there is in 

 many cases a serious waste of labor and money which ought to be corrected; 



(2) Duplication of pasteurizing plants in a needless addition to distribution 

 costs." 



Under recommendation the report states : 



