76 MILK SURVEY OF THE CITY OF ROCHESTER 



farmers surrounding the city hauling their milk in, or in most cases the 

 producer was the milk dealer as well. 



Q. Was this milk delivered to the homes of the people or did they 

 go to the stores to get it? 



A. They went to the stores to get it. 



Q. Does New York City permit the sale of dipped milk at the 

 present time? 



A. Unfortunately, yes. 



Q. Is that dispensed in grocery stores ? 



A. Yes. 



Q. Has the Milk Committee disapproved of the distribution or dis- 

 pensing of dipped milk? 



A. We disapprove of the dispensing of dipped milk. Milk cannot 

 be safely handled except in a single container. 



Q. Has the Milk Committee any evidence that the children that 

 have been fed upon dipped milk from grocery stores are any worse off 

 than those that have been given bottled milk from the infant milk sta- 

 tions, or that have been fed upon good bottled milk? 



A. I have not just the figures with me, Dr. North, but my impres- 

 sion is that the baby death rate among the babies fed at our milk stations 

 on Homer milk was 57 per cent, lower than the baby death rate through- 

 out our city fed on good and bad milk. 



Q. Has the Milk Committee in its work taken into consideration 

 the records made by other investigators in New York of the mortality 

 of children fed on loose dipped milk from grocery stores as compared 

 with the mortality of children fed on good bottled milk, for example, 

 such work as was done by Dr. Park and Dr. Holt? 



A. Yes, it has those records. 



Q. Now, will you tell us something about the effect or influence on 

 infant mortality of this system of infant feeding. I think you have some 

 mortality records to show us there, of the results of infant feeding? 



A. In 1913, 54.8% of the babies at the milk stations were breast 

 fed. In 1918, 67% were breast fed. In 1913, 19.6% of the babies were 

 mixed fed. In 1918, 17% were mixed fed. In 1913, 25.5% were bottle 

 fed. In 1918, 16% were bottle fed. It shows that the educational propa- 

 ganda for the benefit of the mother, through the milk station, has induced 

 the mothers of New York to increasingly nurse their babies at the breast, 

 and the mixed feeding percentage of mothers has decreased, and the 

 bottle fed percentage of mothers has decreased. Now, what is the pur- 

 pose of that? In our work we found that of the babies registered at 

 our stations who died, 6.5% were breast fed, that is, the infant mortality 

 rate per thousand -breast fed babies registered at our stations was 65; 



