MILK SURVEY OF THE CITY OF ROCHESTER 117 



ception, are dealers who operate pasteurizers and therefore have more 

 expensive machinery and also a laKger daily payroll. * 



In the last two columns of this tabulation appear the total labor costs 

 for the entire city based on the volume of milfc received daily. 



POSSIBLE REDUCTIONS IN LABOR COSTS 



Each of the operations performed in connection with milk handling 

 by the dealer has been treated by this survey as a separate enterprise. 

 Independently of the methods of bookkeeping by the milk companies, 4he 

 inspectors employed have visited the plants of the large milk dealers and 

 taken careful notes concerning the different operations performed, the 

 number of men employed, the volume of work performed by them, and 

 the cost, basing this cost on the wages of the men and the number of 

 hours they work. This has made it possible to express the work per- 

 formed in "man hours" and the wages in dollars per man hour. These 

 methods have been used for 54 out of the 136 milk companies in Roch- 

 ester. In these 54 were included all of the large companies and a suffi- 

 cient number of the small companies to furnish information which would 

 fairly represent the costs of the labor performed by all of the small 

 companies. 



From the information obtained in this way the cost of each of the 

 operations performed has been figured separately from the other opera- 

 tions, and the total cost for the entire City of Rochester obtained. The 

 cost of the same list of operations has been obtained in the same way 

 from milk companies in the cities of Baltimore, Philadelphia, and Ottawa, 

 Can. The costs from these other cities are compared with the costs for 

 the City of Rochester as the best means of determining whether Roch- 

 ester costs are lower, higher, or the same as those in other cities. Each 

 of the different milk operations is separately discussed in the following 

 paragraphs and tabulations: 



MILK RECEIVING 



At the time the figures were obtained in the month of August the 

 average quantity of milk received by the City of Rochester daily was 

 82,075 quarts. From 'the reports obtained by the inspectors 173 men are 

 employed in this work for a period of 113.9 hours, which is at the rate of 

 721 quarts per man hour at a cost of .000611 per quart, and a yearly cost 

 of $18,315.70. In the same way, the figures for all of the other com- 

 panies in all of the cities visited were obtained. A comparison of these 

 figures is shown in Table No. 52. 



