196 MILK SURVEY OF THE CITY OF ROCHESTER 



fed pasteurized milk or other forms of milk which has been heated. We 

 hear nothing at any of our 23 stations about increase of scurvy, mild or 

 severe, as the result of feeding pasteurized milk. 



Q. Has pasteurization been adopted by many other American cities 

 since Chicago adopted it ? 



A. It has. 



Q. Has pasteurization been followed by the reduction of the milk- 

 borne diseases in other cities as well as in Chicago? 



A. It has. Another of the arguments used was that it put a prem- 

 ium on uncleanly methods in the dairy farms and in the milk depots in 

 the city. The fact that people spent money to purify milk, that fact that 

 these large establishments were constructed, were visible, were seeable, 

 acted as an educational influence on the farmers. The farms and the 

 dairies are cleaner now than they were before that ordinance, and in my 

 judgment pasteurization has been one of the factors in bringing that 

 about ; not the most important, but one. 



Q. Is there anything that the health officer of a city can do to 

 prevent the pasteurization being used as a substitute for sanitation or as 

 a substitute for cleanliness ? 



A. Oh, yes. In the first place, they have dairy inspection in the 

 country and dairy inspection in the city; and they have laboratory con- 

 trol. The ordinances, all of them that I am acquainted with, specify that 

 the milk before pasteurization, must conform to certain requirements, 

 both as to bacterial count, and as to the sanitation of the place where 

 it is produced and marketed. All of these are measures to prevent the 

 marketing of very bad milk by pasteurizing it. 



Q. You think that an ordinance requiring the pasteurization of 

 milk should include some standards for the milk before it is pasteurized ? 



A. I do. There are such in the Chicago ordinances; I think in 

 practically all of the ordinances requiring pasteurization; all that I have 

 knowledge of. 



Q. That is to say, you think that the milk has to qualify as to 

 character in order to be fit for pasteurization? 



A. That is correct. 



Q. Now, in Chicago, do the inspectors of the Health Department 

 go into the pasteurizing plants in order to see whether pasteurization is 

 properly carried out ? 



A. The custom in Chicago is to have all the plans for pasteurizing 

 plants brought into the department to be passed upon there; so that the 

 plans must first be approved of by the department. I don't think that 

 that is required by the ordinances, but that is the custom, whether it is 

 required or not. 



